File:Amazon rainforest ESA23215661.tiff
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DescriptionAmazon rainforest ESA23215661.tiff |
English: Ahead of the International Day of Forests, the Copernicus Sentinel-2 mission takes us over part of the Amazon rainforest in the Amazonas – the largest state in Brazil.
Zoom in to see this image at its full 10 m resolution or click on the circles to learn more about the features in it. As its name implies, the Amazonas is almost entirely covered by the Amazon rainforest – the world’s largest tropical rainforest covering an area of around six million sq km. The Amazon is the world’s richest and most-varied biological reservoir, containing several million species of insects, birds, plants and other forms of life. This image has been processed using the infrared channel of the Sentinel-2 satellite which makes the dense rainforest appear in bright green. This makes differences in vegetation coverage more evident than only using the visible channels of the satellite that our eyes are able to see. In the top of the image, the Juruá River, the most-winding river in the Amazon basin, is visible. The river appears in shades of maroon and magenta as the reflected sunlight from the water’s surface consists of a mix of mainly blue and green, while the reflection in the near infrared is almost zero – leading to the colours we see here. The Juruá river, which flows more than 3000 km before emptying into the Amazon River, is turbid with relatively high nutrient levels. The river rises in the highlands in east-central Peru before winding its way through lowlands in Brazil. Several crescent-shaped oxbow lakes can be seen flanking the river. Oxbow lakes are generally formed when rivers cut through a meander ‘neck’ to shorten its course, causing the old channel to be blocked off – migrating away from the lake and creating a more direct route. The Tarauacá River, a tributary of Juruá, can be seen in the left of the image. Eirunepé, a settlement established in the 19th Century as a hub for rubber production, is visible in the top-left of the image. The 21 March marks the International Day of Forests – a day which seeks to raise awareness on a range of benefits that sustainably managed forests can contribute to our lives. According to the United Nations, the world is losing 10 million hectares of forest each year, which accounts for 12-20% of the global greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to climate change. The Amazon rainforest is crucial for helping to regulate global warming as the forests absorb millions of tonnes of carbon emissions every year. As plants grow, they remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and store it as biomass. This is then released back to the atmosphere through processes such as deforestation for agriculture and wildfires. Tracking biomass changes is key to understanding the global carbon cycle and also for informing global climate models that help predict future change. Earth observation satellites have been instrumental in helping our understanding of this important process. New maps produced by ESA’s Climate Change Initiative, provide a global view of above ground biomass are pertinent in helping to support forest management, emissions reduction and sustainable development policy goals. ESA’s upcoming Biomass mission will provide crucial information about the state of our forests and how they are changing. The satellite will pierce through woodland canopies to perform a global survey of Earth’s forests over the course of Biomass’s mission. This image is also featured on the Earth from Space video programme. Français : Avant la Journée internationale des forêts, la mission Copernicus Sentinel-2 a publié cette vue satellitale d'une partie de la forêt amazonienne dans l'Amazonas - le plus grand État du Brésil (Zoomer pour voir à pleine résolution de 10 m ) ; l'Amazonas est presque entièrement recouvert par la forêt amazonienne - la plus grande forêt tropicale du monde (+/- six millions de km2) ; réservoir biologique le plus varié au monde, riche de plusieurs millions d'espèces d'insectes, d'oiseaux, de plantes et d'autres formes de vie. Le canal infrarouge du satellite Sentinel-2 montre ici la forêt dense en vert vif, rendant les différences de couverture végétale plus évidentes qu'en utilisant uniquement les canaux visibles du satellite (ce que nos yeux sont capables de voir).
En haut : la rivière Juruá, la plus sinueuse du bassin amazonien, est visible dans des tons de marron et magenta car la lumière du soleil réfléchie par la surface de l'eau se compose d'un mélange principalement de bleu et de vert, tandis que la réflexion dans le proche infrarouge est presque nulle, ce qui donne ces couleurs. Elle coule sur plus de 3000 km avant de se jeter dans le fleuve Amazone, elle est trouble avec des taux de nutriments relativement élevés. Sa source est située dans les hautes terres du centre-est du Pérou. Plusieurs lacs oxbow en forme de croissant peuvent être vus flanquant la rivière. Les lacs Oxbow se forment généralement lorsque les rivières traversent un «col» méandre pour raccourcir son cours, provoquant le blocage de l'ancien canal - s'éloignant du lac et créant une route plus directe. La rivière Tarauacá, un affluent du Juruá, est visible à gauche de l'image. Eirunepé, une colonie établie au XIXe siècle comme plaque tournante de la production de caoutchouc, est visible en haut à gauche de l'image. Le 21 mars marque la Journée internationale des forêts - une journée qui vise à sensibiliser à une gamme d'avantages que les forêts gérées de manière durable peuvent apporter à nos vies. Selon les Nations Unies, le monde perd 10 millions d'hectares de forêts chaque année, ce qui représente 12 à 20 % des émissions mondiales de gaz à effet de serre qui contribuent au changement climatique. La forêt amazonienne est cruciale pour aider à réguler le réchauffement climatique car les forêts absorbent des millions de tonnes d'émissions de carbone chaque année. Au fur et à mesure que les plantes poussent, elles éliminent le dioxyde de carbone de l'atmosphère et le stockent sous forme de biomasse. Celui-ci est ensuite relâché dans l'atmosphère par des processus tels que la déforestation pour l'agriculture et les incendies de forêt. Le suivi des changements de la biomasse est essentiel pour comprendre le cycle mondial du carbone et également pour informer les modèles climatiques mondiaux qui aident à prédire les changements futurs. Les satellites d'observation de la Terre ont contribué à notre compréhension de cet important processus. De nouvelles cartes produites par l'Initiative sur le changement climatique de l'ESA, fournissent une vue globale de la biomasse aérienne et sont pertinentes pour aider à soutenir les objectifs de la politique de gestion forestière, de réduction des émissions et de développement durable.La prochaine mission Biomasse de l'ESA fournira des informations cruciales sur l'état de nos forêts et leur évolution. Le satellite percera à travers les canopées des forêts pour effectuer une étude mondiale des forêts de la Terre au cours de la mission de Biomass. |
Date | 19 March 2021 (upload date) |
Source | Amazon rainforest |
Author | European Space Agency |
Other versions |
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Activity InfoField | Observing the Earth |
Mission InfoField | Sentinel-2 |
Set InfoField | Earth observation image of the week |
System InfoField | Copernicus |
Licensing edit
This image contains data from a satellite in the Copernicus Programme, such as Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2 or Sentinel-3. Attribution is required when using this image.
Attribution: Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data 2019
Attribution
The use of Copernicus Sentinel Data is regulated under EU law (Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 1159/2013 and Regulation (EU) No 377/2014). Relevant excerpts:
Free access shall be given to GMES dedicated data [...] made available through GMES dissemination platforms [...].
Access to GMES dedicated data [...] shall be given for the purpose of the following use in so far as it is lawful:
GMES dedicated data [...] may be used worldwide without limitations in time.
GMES dedicated data and GMES service information are provided to users without any express or implied warranty, including as regards quality and suitability for any purpose. |
Attribution
This media was created by the European Space Agency (ESA).
Where expressly so stated, images or videos are covered by the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO (CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO) licence, ESA being an Intergovernmental Organisation (IGO), as defined by the CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO licence. The user is allowed under the terms and conditions of the CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO license to Reproduce, Distribute and Publicly Perform the ESA images and videos released under CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO licence and the Adaptations thereof, without further explicit permission being necessary, for as long as the user complies with the conditions and restrictions set forth in the CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO licence, these including that:
See the ESA Creative Commons copyright notice for complete information, and this article for additional details.
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This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO license. Attribution: ESA, CC BY-SA IGO 3.0
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current | 09:30, 19 March 2021 | 10,980 × 10,980 (215.71 MB) | OptimusPrimeBot (talk | contribs) | #Spacemedia - Upload of https://esamultimedia.esa.int/img/2021/03/Amazon_tributary_RGB_283T19MDN_20190917T145729_283_bands_green.tif via Commons:Spacemedia |
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Height | 10,980 px |
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Compression scheme | LZW |
Pixel composition | RGB |
Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Number of rows per strip | 7 |
Horizontal resolution | 72 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 72 dpi |
Data arrangement | chunky format |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop CS5.1 Windows |
File change date and time | 09:27, 14 January 2020 |
Color space | Uncalibrated |