Identifier: annualreportofbu219smit (find matches)
Title: Annual report of the Bureau of American Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution
Year: 1895 (1890s)
Authors: Smithsonian Institution. Bureau of American Ethnology
Subjects: Smithsonian Institution. Bureau of American Ethnology Ethnology Indians
Publisher: Washington : U. S. Govt. Print. Off.
Contributing Library: Boston Public Library
Digitizing Sponsor: Kahle/Austin Foundation and Omidyar Network

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at is,thi nation of Oats, graine y is much in y countrey. Charlevoix,in n21, wrote of an island on the western side of Green bay, uponwhich is the Village of the Malhomines, which the French call foUesAvoines, (wild Oats), probably l)ccaufc they make their cunnuon Foodof this Grain. From that time until the present there is frequentevidence that these Indians depended greatly upon wild rice. A fewinstances will be cited. Major Irwin wrote of them in 18:^0: TheCanadians designate them FoUs-avoine . . . wild oats, or rice. Thisis one of the principal articles on which the Indians subsist in thisquarter. It is to be found in great al)undance, in the fall of theyear ... It is believed that enough of it could be gathered in the fall. Krautbauer, in American Catholic Historical Researches, Oct., 1887, p 152. 2 Hoffman, The Menomini Indians, Fourteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology, part 1,pp. V2-U. 3 Radisson, Voyages, p. *J01. * Charlevoi.x, Voyage to Canada, letter xix, p. 202.
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< —io ozcc UJ I H < UJO a UJ I < C5 < OQ iCO< UJ z< QCUJ0. THE MENOMINI 104V» to support several thousand Indians, for one year. He continued:In the spring they subsist on sugar and fish; in the summer on fishand o-anie; in the fall, on wild rice, and corn, and in the winter on fishand giinie. Those who are provident, have some rice during the win-ter.^ In 1829 wild rice furnished them abundant subsistence. Gov-ernor Dodge said of them in 1837-38, they raise corn on the Oconte,Menominee, and Fox rivers, in small quantities, but depend on thechase, fishing, fowling, and gathering of wild rice for subsistence.Exactly similar reports were made for the years 18-1-1 and 181:5.* These Indians are of the Algonquian linguistic stock, and for overtwo hundred and sixty years have been known to live in Wisconsin nearGreen bay. It is not known that thev came westward with their kins-men, the Ojibwa, Ottawa, and Potawatomi, but it seems prol)al)le thatthey preceded these other

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