Identifier: annualreportof4189718newy (find matches)
Title: Annual report of the Commissioners of Fisheries, Game and Forests of the State of New York
Year: 1895 (1890s)
Authors: New York (State). Commissioners of Fisheries, Game and Forests
Subjects: Forests and forestry Fisheries Game and game-birds
Publisher: (Albany, N.Y. : The Commission)
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Biodiversity Heritage Library

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ltural condition of the stand.These strips are distributed in such a way as to pass through all types and qualities ofthe forest. They are then worked up for general average and are used as factors incalculating the total amount of standing timber. In order to work up the presentmerchantable stand into cords or board feet, tables are employed which have beenconstructed from actual scale of felled trees of different kinds, and give their contentson a basis of diameter at four feet from the ground, the height at which the trees inthe strips have been calipered. In several cases there has been opportunity to com-pare the results, obtained by these valuation surveys, with the actual cut takenafterwards from the area for which they furnished an estimate. The comparison hasshown for them a degree of accuracy not only quite sufficient for the purpose in hand,but which bids fair to prove the entering wedge in inducing lumbermen to abandoncruisers estimates for a similar system of measurement.
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■J J s tn S ■< BJ in S5 P «. A D o « « M > O < FISHERIES, GAME AND FORESTS. 42 I To determine the amount of merchantable timber which the forest will produce ina given period, it is necessary to know the rate of growth of the different kinds oftrees and the size and number of immature trees now standing. The latter is takenfrom the valuation surveys, the former from what are called stem analyses. Theseconsist in the determination of the age of felled trees by counting the rings. The ageand diameter are taken at the end of each log; the length of the merchantable stem,the percentage of heart and sap wood are found, and other measurements are madewhich aid in determining the rate of growth of the tree in height and in diameter, andother points in its life history. A number of these analyses are made of each kind oftimber trees present in the forest. The results are worked up, averaged, and throwntogether into tables, of

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