year-old negro, who, with a history of an acute attack of convulsive seizures from fright, occasioned, he asserted, by a fall' at one year of age, had three years later the expression of “pop-eyed" epithetically applied to him, this pseudonym having since persisted throughout life. The patient stated, and I one day had a clinical demonstration of the "The postnatal fall as a causative factor for the cranial malformation must be rejected when the congenital stigmata are considered. same, that he had more than once pushed his right eye out between the lids. Five years before I saw him he accidentally discovered that he could not see with the left eye. Two and a half years after this the sight of the right eye began to gradually fail, until at the time of exam- ination it was found that vision with it was reduced to a faint doubtful perception of light in an inferior temporal field. The left eye was blind. The superficial areas of the two orbits were immense. The lids were large and the palpebral fissures were broad and long. When the posi- tion of the left eye was gauged so as to have its supposed visual axis directed straight ahead, the right eye projected two and a quarter milli- meters forward beyond the superior and the inferior margins of the orbit, and diverged some thirty degrees out and three degrees down. When the right eye was placed in the same relative position, the left eye was found to be almost as greatly diverged and was directed somewhat more downward." Curiously, extraocular motion was very little if at all disturbed, although palpation showed that the eyeballs were situated in extremely shallow, almost saucer-like orbits, the shallowest portions of the cavities being situated toward the median line. The corneal epithelium was thickened and the deeper structures of the membrane were opaque in a couple of places. The pupils were large and the irides seemed disproportionately sluggish in their various reactions to the amount of local disturbance. Both lenses presented evidences of dense secondary degeneration, that of the left eye being so opaque that the fundus of the organ was invisible. A faint red glare, with the appear- ance of a few retinal vessels—best seen with a minus spherical lens of twenty diopters' strength—made it probable that portions of the sec- ondary ocular lesions were due to a high-grade myopia. Intraocular tension in each eye was normal. The anterior scleral vessels were not engorged, and there was not any ciliary tenderness. The conformation of the skull was typical. The lower jaw, which was increased in size, was mesognathous, if not prognathous in shape. The condition of the hands, as seen crossed upon the body, discredited the belief of any disease of the pituitary body. The bitemporal diameter of the skull was but thirteen and a half centimeters, and the biparietal was but one and a quarter centimeters wider. The occipito-frontal diam- eter equaled eighteen and a half centimeters, while the occipito-mental was somewhat in excess of twenty-six centimeters. The trachelo-breg- matic diameter was twenty-three and a half centimeters in length.” 1 The exophthalmus and divergence can be easily differentiated by examina- tion of the reproduction of the photograph of the case. 2 I am under obligations to Dr. Clarence Van Epps, one of my Residents in both institutions, for presentation of the copy of the photograph of the first subject taken by Mr. James F. Wood, of Philadelphia; to Dr. Frederick C. Krause, one of my former assistants, and now Assistant Ophthalmic Surgeon to St. Christopher's Hospital, in Philadelphia, for photographing the second case; to Dr. William L. Zuill, one of the Assistant Surgeons at Wills' Hospital, for the craniometric measurements of the second case; and to Dr. Frank R. Harrison, of East Liverpool, Ohio, for securing the photograph of the third case. 3 Individuals from two races have been purposely used in the elucidation of this phase of the subject in order to obtain exceptionally broad standpoints of