Identifier: byzantineromanes131jack (find matches)
Title: Byzantine and Romanesque architecture
Year: 1913 (1910s)
Authors: Jackson, Thomas Graham, Sir, 1835-1924
Subjects: Architecture, Byzantine Architecture, Romanesque
Publisher: Cambridge (Eng.) University press
Contributing Library: Wellesley College Library
Digitizing Sponsor: Boston Library Consortium Member Libraries

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n much altered since. It is an octagon of Lateranconsiderable size with eight pillars of porphyry set withinan aisle, and carrying an horizontal entablature. Eightmore of white marble stand on this over the lowercolumns, and carry a lantern storey. The porphyrycolumns are said to have been put there by Sixtus III(432^—440)- Four of them have Ionic capitals, whichdo not look ancient, two have Roman Corinthian and theother two Composite capitals. The form of the con-struction may be Constantines, but the whole seemsto have been largely re-built. A mile and more beyond the Porta Pia is a round s. Cos- tanza building now the church of S. Costanza, erected byConstantine as a mausoleum for his family, and especiallyhis daughter Constantia, whose huge porphyry sarco-phagus stood originally in the centre. In 1595 it wasmoved to one side, and in 1819 conveyed to the museumof the Vatican where it now is^ The building was notmade a church till 1256. ^ Angeli, Le chiese di Roma. 2 /^/^_ mosaics
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190 ROME (cH. XIII s. Cos- It consists of a circular domed chamber (Fig. 40) 35 feet in diameter, surrounded byan aisle, the total diameter within thewalls being )^ feet. The centraldrum on which the dome rests con-tains a clerestory and is carried uplike those at Spalato and S. Vitale,so as to conceal the dome ; and it iscovered with a low pitched pyramidal roof. This central part is supported e-^e^.vr,» . f. 1111 ^ Ca5TANZA. by a rmg of coupled columns, each pj ,q pair on a radiating line from the The centre, so that one column is behind the other; and each pair carries a section of the entablature of the order, witharchitrave, pulvinated frieze and cornice, returned on allfour sides, so as to form as it were an elongated pulvino(Plate XLIV). From this spring the twelve roundarches of the arcade. The capitals are ordinary RomanComposite. The surrounding aisle is also circular, andis covered by an annular barrel vault which is decorated The with mosaics coeval with the building. The

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