File:Coal (Menefee Formation, Upper Cretaceous; National King Coal Mine, Hay Gulch, Colorado, USA) 3 (22486553294).jpg
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DescriptionCoal (Menefee Formation, Upper Cretaceous; National King Coal Mine, Hay Gulch, Colorado, USA) 3 (22486553294).jpg |
Coal from the Cretaceous of Colorado, USA. (public display, Durango & Silverton Narrow Gauge Railroad Museum, Durango, Colorado, USA) Coal is a carbonaceous, biogenic sedimentary rock composed of the altered remains of plant material in ancient swamp environments. The precursor to coal is peat - a very loosely consolidated, highly porous, lightweight mass of plant fragments. With burial and diagenesis, the peat is altered to various ranks of coal - lignite coal, sub-bituminous coal, and bituminous coal. With very low grade metamorphism, bituminous coal becomes semi-anthracite coal and then anthracite coal. Each successive coal rank is harder, heavier, more carbon-rich, and hotter-burning. The coal shown above appears to be a bituminous coal. It comes from a coal mine in Hay Gulch in southwestern Colorado. Coal from this locality is used to power steam locomotives of the Durango & Silverton Narrow Gauge Railroad, which operates tourist trains between those two towns in Colorado's San Juan Mountains. Stratigraphy: Menefee Formation, Campanian Stage, upper Upper Cretaceous Locality: National King Coal Mine, Hay Gulch, western La Plata County, southwestern Colorado, USA |
Date | |
Source | Coal (Menefee Formation, Upper Cretaceous; National King Coal Mine, Hay Gulch, Colorado, USA) 3 |
Author | James St. John |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/22486553294 (archive). It was reviewed on 1 December 2019 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
1 December 2019
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 08:57, 1 December 2019 | 2,426 × 2,680 (4.61 MB) | Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
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Camera manufacturer | Canon |
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Camera model | Canon PowerShot D10 |
Exposure time | 1/6 sec (0.16666666666667) |
F-number | f/3.5 |
ISO speed rating | 320 |
Date and time of data generation | 14:34, 6 September 2011 |
Lens focal length | 9.681 mm |
Image title | |
Width | 4,000 px |
Height | 3,000 px |
Bits per component |
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Pixel composition | RGB |
Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 180 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 180 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Elements 13.0 (Macintosh) |
File change date and time | 01:54, 18 November 2015 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 14:34, 6 September 2011 |
Meaning of each component |
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Image compression mode | 3 |
APEX shutter speed | 2.59375 |
APEX aperture | 3.625 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 3.625 APEX (f/3.51) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Focal plane X resolution | 16,460.905349794 |
Focal plane Y resolution | 16,483.516483516 |
Focal plane resolution unit | inches |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Lens used | 6.2-18.6 mm |
Date metadata was last modified | 18:54, 17 November 2015 |
Unique ID of original document | 7873FA1F879DD164694EF9FFEBA27B6B |