Summary edit

Scarab of Neferu-Re   (  )
Artist	Anonymous (Egypt)Unknown author
Title	Scarab of Neferu-Re
Description	English: The ancient Egyptians believed that the dung beetle, the Scarabaeus sacer, was one of the manifestations of the sun god. Representations of these beetles were used as amulets, and for ritual or administrative purposes. This small, red carnelian scarab has a vertically arranged bottom inscription, which consists of three lines of right reading text with a cartouche in the center. An oval line frames the inscription. The text contains the name and title of crown princess Neferure, daughter of the female pharaoh Hatshepsut, and a formula whishing her life. The highest point of the back is the pronotum (dorsal plate of the prothorax). Pronotum and elytron (wing cases) have fine single borderlines and double separations lines. The line flow almost regular, only the partition lines between pronotum and elytron overlap slightly. The trapezoidal head is flanked by quarter-ovoid eyes. The trapezoidal side plates have curved outer edges, and the clypeus (front plate), which is very large in comparison to the head, has four frontal serrations and a central base notch. The extremities show natural form and vertical hatch lines for the tibial teeth and pilosity (hair), the background between the legs is deeply hollowed out. The oval base is symmetrical. The scarab is longitudinally pierced, and was originally mounted or threaded. It functions as a name seal and user-individualized amulet of crown princess Neferure. The scarab should secure the individual existence (wish formula: "who may live"), divine relation (title: "divine consort"), and royal status (cartouche) of the crown princess, and the red color her magic protection. The material, carnelian, was especially used for protective amulets and the Egyptians believed that it would intensify the magical potency. The scarab could have been a personal amulet of the princess, but, it is also possible that it was given to a private person to guarantee the crown princess' patronage. Scarabs made of dark red carnelian were popular for the female members of the court in early 18th Dynasty.
Date	between 1479 and 1458 BC date QS:P571,-1450-00-00T00:00:00Z/7,P1319,-1479-00-00T00:00:00Z/9,P1326,-1458-00-00T00:00:00Z/9 (New Kingdom of Egypt era QS:P2348,Q180568 )
Medium	intensive red carnelian
Dimensions	height: 1.4 cm (0.5 in); width: 1.1 cm (0.4 in); depth: 0.9 cm (0.3 in) dimensions QS:P2048,1.4U174728 dimensions QS:P2049,1.1U174728 dimensions QS:P5524,0.9U174728
Collection	Walters Art Museum    Native name Walters Art Museum Location Baltimore, United States of America Coordinates 39° 17′ 48″ N, 76° 36′ 58″ W   Established 1934  Website thewalters.org Authority file : Q210081 VIAF: 128918374 ISNI: 000000040373611X ULAN: 500279110 LCCN: no00096900 GND: 16029354-6 WorldCat institution QS:P195,Q210081
Accession number	42.56
Place of creation	Egypt
Object history	Henry Walters, Baltimore [date and mode of acquisition unknown] 1931: bequeathed to Walters Art Museum by Henry Walters
Credit line	Acquired by Henry Walters
Inscriptions	[Translation] Name of the crown princess Neferure in a cartouche, combined with the priestess title and a wish formula: Divine consort: / Neferu-Re, / who may live.
Source	Walters Art Museum: Home page  Info about artwork
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This file was provided to Wikimedia Commons by the Walters Art Museum as part of a cooperation project. All artworks in the photographs are in public domain due to age. The photographs of two-dimensional objects are also in the public domain. Photographs of three-dimensional objects and all descriptions have been released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License and the GNU Free Documentation License. In the case of the text descriptions, copyright restrictions only apply to longer descriptions which cross the threshold of originality. العربيَّة | English | français | italiano | македонски | русский | sicilianu | +/−

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