Identifier: guidebookofcentr00harp (find matches)
Title: Guide-book of the Central railroad of New Jersey, and its connections through the coal-fields of Pennsylvania
Year: 1864 (1860s)
Authors: Harper, firm, publishers, New York. (1864. Harper & brothers) (from old catalog)
Subjects: Central Railroad of New Jersey
Publisher: New York : Harper & brothers
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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ch is made by the Delaware, another similarbreak called Wind Gap, made by the Lehigh, farther to the west, another made by the Schuylkill, and still an-other by the Susquehanna, above Harrisburg. According to Professor Rogers, the distinguished ge-ologist of Pennsylvania, certain transverse dislocationshave occurred in all the great ridges and valleys of theAppalachian region, being the primary cause of most, ifnot all of these deep notches, which are so commonlyknown as water gaps, and which cleave so many highmountain ridges to their very bases. And in all thesephenomena he traces the following uniform law, viz., thatthe eastward strata of the fissure are thrust forward to the north. Thus there is a gap in Sharp Mountain, inwhich the eastern prolongation has been thrust north-ward of the western by a distance of many hundredyards. In the wide gaj> of the Susquehanna, above Har-risburg, the law is shown by measurement; and in theDelaware Water Gap, it is apparent to the eye that the
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CENTRAL RAILROAD OF NEW JERSEY. S3 New Jersey mountain side has strata thrown severalhundred feet to the northward of the Pennsylvania side. We would suggest, however, that it may be moreproper to say that the western side has been thrown to the southward, than that the eastern has been thrustnorthward; for it seems to be necessary to account forthese clefts by the influence of water acting after the vol-canic eruptions which formed the mountain ranges hadalready taken place; and as the streams that now maketheir way through these run southward to the Atlanticin such a manner as to strike more forcibly the westernembankment, we would naturally suppose that originallythis had something to do with the southward projectionof the western sides of the mountains. The Delaware River, which penetrates the Kittatinnyat this point, rises, as do also the principal tributaries ofthe Susquehanna, in New York State. It rises in twobranches on the west of the Catskill Mountains. Thesebranches join ea

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