Identifier: introductiontozo00dave Title: Introduction to zoology; a guide to the study of animals, for the use of secondary schools; Year: 1900 (1900s) Authors: Davenport, Charles Benedict, 1866-1944 Davenport, Gertrude Anna Crotty, 1866- Subjects: Zoology Publisher: New York, Macmillan company London, Macmillian and co., ltd. Contributing Library: MBLWHOI Library Digitizing Sponsor: MBLWHOI Library

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Text Appearing Before Image: worker eggs. The workers, when grown, enlarge the nest and care for the numerous progeny of the queen. Our social wasps belong either to the genus Polistes,² which includes the ordinary black, brown, or yellow bodied wasps, which build mushroom-shaped nests behind window blinds and under boards (Fig. 32), or to the genus Vespa,

² πολιστής, founder of a city.

Image Caption: Fig. 33. - Vespa, a hornet, Nat. size. Photo by W. H. C. P.

Text Appearing After Image: which includes the black and spotted hornets and yellow-jackets, that build great masses of paper combs enclosed in a nearly spherical gray paper envelope (Fig. 33). These are found attached to trees or parts of buildings. The paper is made of finely masticated wood-fibre cemented by a secretion. Certain yellow-jackets form nests in the ground. The hornets are well known as among the most vindictive of our northern insects, and their sting is capable of producing considerable pain. In all Hymenoptera the pain of the sting is due to the introduction of a poison into the body of the victim through the stinging organ. This poison is secreted by a special gland of the insect.

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