Identifier: practicalmethods00gatt Title: Practical methods of organic chemistry Year: 1901 (1900s) Authors: Gattemann, Ludwig. [from old catalog] Subjects: Publisher: [n.p.] Contributing Library: The Library of Congress Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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Text Appearing Before Image: olytes, i.e. the solutions of these contain the undissociated mole-cules. According to this conception, the potassium chloride reactswith silver nitrate, because no further separation of the potassium fromthe chlorine (other than that effected by solution) is necessary, while incase of the brom alkyls, the brom-carbon union must first be severed.Only halogen ions react, at once, quantitatively with the silver ions ofsilver nitrate. 1 A noteworthy exception is ethyl iodide, which when shaken with a watersolution of silver nitrate, gives an abundant precipitate of silver iodide. Methyliodide does not react with silver nitrate. ALIPHATIC SERIES 121 2. REACTION PREPARATION OF AN ACID-CHLORIDE FROM THEACID Example : Acetyl Chloride from Acetic Acidl To ioo grammes of glacial acetic acid contained in a fraction-ating flask connected with a condenser (coil condenser), 80grammes of phosphorus trichloride are added through a droppingfunnel, the flask being cooled by water. The bulb is then im-

Text Appearing After Image: FlG. 64. mersed in a porcelain dish filled with water at a temperature of40-5o°, and the heating continued until the active evolution ofhydrochloric acid gas slackens, and the liquid which was homo-geneous before heating has separated into two layers. To sepa-rate the acetyl chloride which forms the upper, lighter layer, fromthe heavier layer of phosphorous acid, the mixture is heated on arapidly boiling water-bath until nothing more passes over. Sinceacetyl chloride is very easily decomposed by moisture, the distillate1 A. 87, 63. 122 SPECIAL PART must not be collected in an open receiver, but the condenser-tubemust be tightly connected with a tubulated flask (suction flask),protected from the air by a calcium chloride tube, as representedin Fig. 64. For complete purification, the distillate is distilled ina similar apparatus, except that the dropping funnel is replaced bya thermometer. The apparatus represented in Fig. 17, page 21,may be used for the redistillation. The portion dis

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