South Africa

Afri-can guitar (plucked lute)
Cape Town, 2009
Metal, plastic

Developed and commercialized from
earlier instruments such as the igogogo
and ramkie by South African maker
Graeme Wells (1961-2008).

Igogogo (plucked lute)
Zulu people, 2007
Tin, wood
Shiyani Necobo, maker

Ramkie ? (... lute)
... ..., 2009

Ghoema drum ?

Thuzwa (...)

[Description panel] (with incomplete estimation)

Called the “Rainbow Nation” for its immense cultural diversity, South Africa is composed
of its original settlers, the Khoisan, plus the Bantu, Nguni, and Sotho people, European
colonizers, and descendants of Asian slaves and immigrants.

The nation's music is equally diverse. A
comples array of musical bows originated
among the Khoi and San peoples, before
spreading 10 Bantu speakers who came
to the area fater. Drumming is indifenous
only amoung the Bantu Tsonga, the
Verda and the northern Sotho Pedi.

On the Western Cape, discendants of
the ... and Javanese, Malaysian,
and Indian slaves now have a shared
... ... in the Cape Town
M... C... (... by 19th

century American minstrelsy). The
ghoema drum ? is central to the music.

Various other groups imitated 19th century
European guitar making, resulting in
the Khoi ramkie and Zulu igogogo.