File:Non-avian theropoda quadrate openings.png
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English: Morphology and position of pneumatic openings in the quadrate of non-avian Theropoda. Right quadrate (A) of the carcharodontosaurid Acrocanthosaurus atokensis (NCSM 14345; reversed) in medial view. Left quadrate (B) of the carcharodontosaurid Mapusaurus roseae (MCF-PVPH-108) in medial view. Left quadrate (C) of the carcharodontosaurid Giganotosaurus carolinii (MUCPv CH 1) in medial view. Right quadrate (D) of the therizinosaur Falcarius utahensis (UMNH VP 14559; reversed) in medial view (courtesy of Lindsay Zanno). Right quadrate (E) of the metriacanthosaurid Sinraptor dongi (IVPP 10600; reversed) in posterior view (courtesy of Philip Currie). Left quadrate (F) of the neovenatorid Aerosteon riocoloradensis (MCNA PV 3137) in posterior view (courtesy of Martín Ezcurra). Left quadrate (G) of the ornithomimid Garudimimus brevipes (IGM 100–13) in posterior view (courtesy of Yoshitsugu Kobayashi). Right quadrate (H) of the dromaeosaurid Buitreraptor gonzalezorum (MPCA 245; reversed) in posterior view. Right quadrate (I) of the tyrannosaurid Alioramus altai (IGM 100–844) in ventral view (courtesy of Mick Ellison). Left quadrate (J) of the tyrannosaurid Tyrannosaurus rex (FMNH PR2081; cast, reversed) in ventral view. Left quadrate (K) of the carcharodontosaurid Mapusaurus roseae (MCF-PVPH-108) in anterior view. Left quadrate (L) of the neovenatorid Aerosteon riocoloradensis (MCNA PV 3137) in lateral view (courtesy of Martín Ezcurra). Abbreviations: apf, anterior pneumatic foramen; lpq, lateral process; lpfo, lateral pneumatic fossa; mpf, medial pneumatic foramen; ppf, posterior pneumatic foramen; ppfo, posterior pneumatic fossa; qf, quadrate foramen; vpf, ventral pneumatic foramen. Scale bars = 10 cm (A–C, J, K), 5 cm (E–G, L), 1 cm (D, H, I). |
| Date | |
| Source | (2015). "The non-avian theropod quadrate I: standardized terminology with an overview of the anatomy and function". PeerJ 3: e1245. DOI:10.7717/peerj.1245. PMID 26401455. PMC: 4579021. |
| Author | Christophe Hendrickx, Ricardo Araújo & Octávio Mateus |
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| Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| current | 23:33, 5 July 2020 | | 2,362 × 2,899 (5.96 MB) | PaleoNeolitic (talk | contribs) | {{Information |description ={{en|1='''Morphology and position of pneumatic openings in the quadrate of non-avian Theropoda.''' Right quadrate (A) of the carcharodontosaurid ''Acrocanthosaurus atokensis'' (NCSM 14345; reversed) in medial view. Left quadrate (B) of the carcharodontosaurid ''Mapusaurus roseae'' (MCF-PVPH-108) in medial view. Left quadrate (C) of the carcharodontosaurid ''Giganotosaurus carolinii'' (MUCPv CH 1) in medial view. Right quadrate (D) of the therizinosaur ''Falcarius... |
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