File:Parinacota Volcano, South America.JPG
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DescriptionParinacota Volcano, South America.JPG |
English: This astronaut photograph from the International Space Station highlights the symmetrical cone of Parinacota, with its well-developed summit crater (elevation 6,348 meters above sea level). Dark brown to dark gray surfaces to the east and west of the summit include lava flows, pyroclastic deposits, and ash.
A companion volcano, Pomerape, is located across a low saddle to the north. This volcano last erupted during the Pleistocene Epoch (approximately 3 million to 12,000 years ago). Together, Parinacota and Pomerape form the Nevados de Payachata volcanic area. The summits of both volcanoes are covered by white snowpack and small glaciers. Eruptive activity at Parinacota has directly influenced development of the local landscape, beyond the placement of volcanic deposits. Approximately 8,000 years ago, the western flank of the volcano collapsed, creating a debris avalanche that travelled 22 kilometres to the west. The debris blocked rivers and streams, leading to the formation of Chungará Lake to the south (lower left). The uneven, hummocky surface of the avalanche debris provides ample catchments for water, as evidenced by the numerous small ponds and Cotacotani Lake to the west. |
Date | |
Source | NASA Earth Observatory |
Author | ISS Expedition 29 crew |
Camera location | 18° 06′ 00″ S, 69° 12′ 00″ W | View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap | -18.100000; -69.200000 |
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This image or video was catalogued by Johnson Space Center of the United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) under Photo ID: ISS029-E-20003. This tag does not indicate the copyright status of the attached work. A normal copyright tag is still required. See Commons:Licensing. Other languages:
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Image acquired with a Nikon D2Xs digital camera using a 400 mm lens, and is provided by the ISS Crew Earth Observations experiment and Image Science & Analysis Laboratory, Johnson Space Center.
Licensing edit
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse |
This file is in the public domain in the United States because it was solely created by NASA. NASA copyright policy states that "NASA material is not protected by copyright unless noted". (See Template:PD-USGov, NASA copyright policy page or JPL Image Use Policy.) | ||
Warnings:
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Annotations InfoField | This image is annotated: View the annotations at Commons |
Pomerape
Cotacotani Lake
Parinacota Volcano
Chungará Lake
File history
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 13:26, 17 October 2011 | 4,288 × 2,848 (10.67 MB) | Originalwana (talk | contribs) | {{Information |Description ={{en|1=This astronaut photograph from the International Space Station highlights the symmetrical cone of Parinacota, with its well-developed summit crater (elevation 6,348 meters above sea level). Dark brown to dark |
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Metadata
This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
Camera manufacturer | NIKON CORPORATION |
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Camera model | NIKON D2Xs |
Exposure time | 1/640 sec (0.0015625) |
F-number | f/11 |
ISO speed rating | 200 |
Date and time of data generation | 13:27, 7 October 2011 |
Lens focal length | 400 mm |
User comments | NASA 1118 76.5F |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 300 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 300 dpi |
Software used | GIMP 2.6.8 |
File change date and time | 14:11, 17 October 2011 |
Exposure Program | Shutter priority |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 13:27, 7 October 2011 |
APEX shutter speed | 9.321928 |
APEX aperture | 6.918863 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 3 APEX (f/2.83) |
Metering mode | Spot |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire |
DateTime subseconds | 08 |
DateTimeOriginal subseconds | 08 |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 08 |
Color space | sRGB |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 600 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Scene control | None |
Contrast | Soft |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |
Subject distance range | Unknown |