File:Parnassius apollo in Kosto Bachilo.jpg
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DescriptionParnassius apollo in Kosto Bachilo.jpg |
English: The Apollo butterfly is a daily butterfly (Lepidoptera) and belongs to the family Papilionidae. The family Parnassius is recognizable by the whitish wings with red eye- catching dots in the middle and is widespread in Europe, North America, and less commonly in Asia.
Larvae of this species feed on leaves of plants of the genus Sedum and Sempervivum that grow on a sterile rock surface. Vital for the survival of this species is the presence of mountain flower meadows, where the adults are fed. In Macedonia, the Apollo butterfly is present only in the high-mountain belt of the carbonate mountains, but not in the silicate mountain ranges. The Galichica National Park is present above the upper forest boundary of beech forests and high mountain meadows and pastures higher than 2000 meters above sea level. The Apollo butterfly (Parnassius apollo) is included in the list of Appendix II (strictly protected animal species) of the Bern Convention. It is included in the Annex IV lists of the EU Habitats Directive (92/43 / EEC), while in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species in Europe it is included in the category "Near Threatened" (NT). The results of the monitoring of the Apollo butterfly in the National Park Galicica, give extremely important information, both in terms of frequency and in terms of the abundance of the population of this species in the Park. Namely, both parameters are several times above the average value in Central Europe. For these reasons, the territory of the Park can be considered as a "Core Area" for the species at the National level.Македонски: Аполоновата пеперутка спаѓа во редот на дневни пеперутки (Lepidoptera) во фамилијата (Papilionidae). Родот Parnassius е препознатлив по белузлавите крила на кои во средината имаат црвени точки кои подсеќаат на очи и е распростанет во Европа, Северна Америка, а послабо во Азија.
Ларвите од овој вид се хранат со листовите од растенија од родот Sedum и Sempervivum кои растат на стерилна карпеста подлога. Витално за опстанокот на овој вид е и присуството на планински цветни ливади, каде што се хранат адултните едники. Во Македонија, Аполоновата пеперутка е присутна само во високопланинскиот појас на планините со карбонатна подлога, додека отсуствува на планинските масиви со силикатна подлога. Во Националниот Парк Галичица присутна е над горната шумска граница на буковите шуми и високопланинските ливади и пасишта на надморска височина над 2000 метри. Аполоновата пеперутка (Parnassius apollo) е вклучена на листата на Appendix II (строго заштитени животински видови) од Бернската Конвенција. Таа е вклучена на листите на Annex IV од ЕУ Директивата за живеалишта (92/43/EEC), додека на IUCN Црвената листа на видови под закана во Европа е вклучен во категоријата “Near Threatened” (NT). Досегашните резултати од мониторингот на Аполоновата пеперутка во Националниот Парк Галичица даваат исклучително значајни сознанија, како по однос на фреквентноста, така и по однос на абундантноста на популацијата на овој вид во Паркот. Имено, и двата параметри се неколкукратно над просечната вредност во Централна Европа. Од тие причини, територијата на Паркот може да се смета како “матично подрачје” (Core Area) за видот на Национално ниво.English: Apollo butterfly in Galicica National Park |
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Source | Own work |
Author | KlimentKomit |
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Camera manufacturer | SONY |
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Camera model | DSC-RX10M4 |
Exposure time | 1/1,000 sec (0.001) |
F-number | f/5 |
ISO speed rating | 100 |
Date and time of data generation | 19:49, 19 February 2017 |
Lens focal length | 214.72 mm |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 350 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 350 dpi |
Software used | DSC-RX10M4 v1.00 |
File change date and time | 19:49, 19 February 2017 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exposure Program | Normal program |
Exif version | 2.31 |
Date and time of digitizing | 19:49, 19 February 2017 |
Meaning of each component |
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Image compression mode | 1 |
APEX brightness | 10.65 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 4 APEX (f/4) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire, auto mode |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 586 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |
Rating (out of 5) | 0 |