File:Ruta degradación de la atrazina.svg

Original file(SVG file, nominally 622 × 516 pixels, file size: 44 KB)

Captions

Captions

Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents

Summary edit

Description
Español: El herbicida atrazina de la familia de las s-triazinas tiene una amplia utilización ya que es persistente en el suelo. Pero es proclive a provocar contaminación del suelo y del agua. Un grupo de bacterias, entre las que se incluyen Gram positivas y Gram negativas son capaces de degradar la atrazina, utilizándola como fuente de nitrógeno y de carbono. En esta ruta metabólica aeróbica, que ha sido estudiada con mayor detalle en Pseudomonas sp. ADP, la atrazina es catabolizada en tres pasos enzimáticos para producir cianurato, el cual puede ser posteriormente metabolizado abriendo el anillo hasta dioxido de carbono y amonio. La primera enzima codificada ya sea por los genes atzA o trzN (EC 3.8.1.8), convierte a la atrazina en hidroxiatrazina. Dos hidrolasas adicionales codificadas por los genes atzB (EC 3.5.99.3) y atzC (EC 3.5.99.4), continúan el proceso removiendo los grupos etilamina e isopropilamina. Mientras que algunos microorganismos poseen todas las enzimas necesarias, otras comunidades degradan la atrazina en un esfuerzo mancomunado, donde diferentes organismos poseen algunas de las enzimas, y los intermediarios en la ruta metabólica pasan de unos organismos a otros.
 
W3C-validity not checked.

Este gráfico de un compuesto o reacción química fue bosquejado en una versión freeware de ChemSketch, con el estilo de dibujo Carbohydr. Res. (2003). Luego fue copiado y pegado en Inkscape, donde fue seleccionado como objeto, desagrupado, corregido moviendo los símbolos cuatro espacios hacia abajo, modificado en tamaño, color, forma y márgenes; agrupado y guardado como .svg plano.


 
This W3C-unspecified vector image was created with Inkscape .

Referencias

  • Boundy-Mills KL, de Souza ML, Mandelbaum RT, Wackett LP, Sadowsky MJ (1997). "The atzB gene of Pseudomonas sp. strain ADP encodes the second enzyme of a novel atrazine degradation pathway." Appl Environ Microbiol 1997;63(3);916-23. PMID: 9055410
  • de Souza ML, Wackett LP, Boundy-Mills KL, Mandelbaum RT, Sadowsky MJ (1995). "Cloning, characterization, and expression of a gene region from Pseudomonas sp. strain ADP involved in the dechlorination of atrazine." Appl Environ Microbiol 1995;61(9);3373-8. PMID: 7574646
  • de Souza ML, Sadowsky MJ, Wackett LP (1996). "Atrazine chlorohydrolase from Pseudomonas sp. strain ADP: gene sequence, enzyme purification, and protein characterization." J Bacteriol 1996;178(16);4894-900. PMID: 8759853
  • de Souza ML, Seffernick J, Martinez B, Sadowsky MJ, Wackett LP (1998). "The atrazine catabolism genes atzABC are widespread and highly conserved." J Bacteriol 1998;180(7);1951-4. PMID: 9537398
  • Piutti S, Semon E, Landry D, Hartmann A, Dousset S, Lichtfouse E, Topp E, Soulas G, Martin-Laurent F (2003). "Isolation and characterisation of Nocardioides sp. SP12, an atrazine-degrading bacterial strain possessing the gene trzN from bulk- and maize rhizosphere soil." FEMS Microbiol Lett 221(1);111-7. PMID: 12694918
  • Rousseaux S, Hartmann A, Lagacherie B, Piutti S, Andreux F, Soulas G (2003). "Inoculation of an atrazine-degrading strain, Chelatobacter heintzii Cit1, in four different soils: effects of different inoculum densities." Chemosphere 51(7);569-76. PMID: 12615111
  • Sadowsky MJ, Tong Z, de Souza M, Wackett LP (1998). "AtzC is a new member of the amidohydrolase protein superfamily and is homologous to other atrazine-metabolizing enzymes." J Bacteriol 1998;180(1);152-8. PMID: 9422605
  • Sajjaphan K, Shapir N, Wackett LP, Palmer M, Blackmon B, Tomkins J, Sadowsky MJ (2004). "Arthrobacter aurescens TC1 atrazine catabolism genes trzN, atzB, and atzC are linked on a 160-kilobase region and are functional in Escherichia coli." Appl Environ Microbiol 70(7);4402-7. PMID: 15240330
  • Seffernick JL, Johnson G, Sadowsky MJ, Wackett LP (2000). "Substrate specificity of atrazine chlorohydrolase and atrazine-catabolizing bacteria." Appl Environ Microbiol 66(10);4247-52. PMID: 11010866
  • Shapir N, Pedersen C, Gil O, Strong L, Seffernick J, Sadowsky MJ, Wackett LP (2006). "TrzN from Arthrobacter aurescens TC1 Is a zinc amidohydrolase." J Bacteriol 188(16);5859-64. PMID: 16885454
  • Shapir N, Mongodin EF, Sadowsky MJ, Daugherty SC, Nelson KE, Wackett LP (2007). "Evolution of catabolic pathways: Genomic insights into microbial s-triazine metabolism." J Bacteriol 189(3);674-82. PMID: 17114259
  • Smith D, Alvey S, Crowley DE (2005). "Cooperative catabolic pathways within an atrazine-degrading enrichment culture isolated from soil." FEMS Microbiol Ecol 53(2);265-73. PMID: 16329946
  • Topp E, Zhu H, Nour SM, Houot S, Lewis M, Cuppels D (2000). "Characterization of an atrazine-degrading Pseudaminobacter sp. isolated from Canadian and French agricultural soils." Appl Environ Microbiol 66(7);2773-82. PMID: 10877767
  • Vancov T, Jury K, Van Zwieten L (2005). "Atrazine degradation by encapsulated Rhodococcus erythropolis NI86/21." J Appl Microbiol 99(4);767-75. PMID: 16162227
Date
Source Own work
Author J3D3

Licensing edit

I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license:
w:en:Creative Commons
attribution share alike
This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license.
You are free:
  • to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work
  • to remix – to adapt the work
Under the following conditions:
  • attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
  • share alike – If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same or compatible license as the original.

File history

Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time.

Date/TimeThumbnailDimensionsUserComment
current04:44, 7 September 2014Thumbnail for version as of 04:44, 7 September 2014622 × 516 (44 KB)J3D3 (talk | contribs)User created page with UploadWizard

The following page uses this file:

File usage on other wikis

The following other wikis use this file:

Metadata