Identifier: americanjournroen08ameruoft (find matches)
Title: The American journal of roentgenology, radium therapy and nuclear medicine
Year: 1906 (1900s)
Authors: American Radium Society American Roentgen Ray Society
Subjects: Radiotherapy X-rays
Publisher: Springfield, Ill. C.C. Thomas
Contributing Library: Gerstein - University of Toronto
Digitizing Sponsor: University of Toronto

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Further it is clear that if the electron mustbe driven closer to the nucleus to produce A-Ray Spectra and Structure of Matter 597 K lines than L lines, the agent produc-ing such dislocation must possess more ener-gy. In the ;r-ray tube the driving force is de-termined by the potential applied to the tubeand a higher potential must be used to pro-duce L lines than M lines and still high-er to produce K lines, and only when itreaches a certain critical value will the Llines and the K lines appear and when oneof a series is produced all of that series and represents the absorption of energy ofthe atom. This means that electrons are dis-placed towards an outer from an inner ring.In fact there is evidence that in the atom theouter rings are normally full and if once anelectron is dislodged it leaves the range ofthe nuclear influence entirely. To dislodge anelectron from any of the rings would requireslightly more energy than that represented bythe highest frequency line of that series. If
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sorptionSeries Fig. 6. Diagram of Bohrs hypothetical atom. should appear simultaneously. This has beenexperimentally verified. Further, for the atom of large atomicnumber (atomic weight) there are a largernumber of protecting electrons in the outershells, since they are presumed to equal theatomic number of the element; and thereforea higher voltage should be necessary to pene-trate to an inner ring of the heavier atoms toproduce any particular series. This also hasbeen demonstrated. c. Absorption Bands Due to AtomicStructure The phenemenon of absorption is in asense the reverse of the process of emission we pass a beam of ,t-rays consisting of allwave-lengths through a thin sheet of any ele-ment, we should expect those wave-lengthsslightly shorter than the shortest wave-lengthof each series in the emission spectrum ofthat element to be absorbed, leaving darkbands. Bands have been observed for theK, L, and U series of some metals.Langmuir has pointed out that certaingroupings of elect

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