Title: The American journal of science
Identifier: americanjourna4201905newh (find matches)
Year: 1880 (1880s)
Authors:
Subjects: Science
Publisher: New Haven : J. D. & E. S. Dana
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Biodiversity Heritage Library

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330 G. R. Wieland—On Marine Turtles. monly present in Cretaceous turtles, and may now be consid- ered to have been definitely traced to its origin in at least one
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Figure 3.—Lateral view of the Carapace of Toxochelys Bauri Wie- land, X 3^ nearly. Drawn from the type, s, s, s, the three Epi-nenral spines supported respectively by the 3d and 4th, the 5th and 6th neurals, and the 8th neural and the post- neural elements ; /, the post-nuchal foramina. * Kansas Univ. Geol. Survey, vol. iv, p Epi-neuTol Spines —The ser- ies of epi-nenral spines taken in conjunction with the strongly carinate neurals, and the keeled maroiiials, give to the present fossil carapace a most ornate form. See figures 1 and 3. The earliest suggestion of the possible presence of epi-neural elements in the Testudinata was made by the writer in his orig- inal description of the Fort Pierre Cretaceous turtle Arche- lon given in this Journal for Dec, 1896. It appears on page 400 of that number as follows: "One of the chief features of the carapace is the arching into a heavy dorsal ridge, beginning just back of the region of the first dorsal vertebra, and from thence continuous, except in the sacral region. It marks the position of the neural spines and is very distinctly grooved from anteriorly to the region of the eighth dorsal vertebra. Im- mediately over the neural sjDines this groove inclines to widen and send out asteriations. In life these grooves were no doubt filled with horny material, and the animal may have home a dorsal row of spines.^ Two years later the spines of Toxochelys were first observed by Case,'^ and have been since more fully described and com • mented on by Hay, who would see in them the remnants of a former dermal series, probably once common to all turtles, and to explain the homol- 382 (1898). fi^oins; far

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