Identifier: empireofindia01full (find matches)
Title: The empire of India
Year: 1913 (1910s)
Authors: Fuller, Bampfylde, Sir, 1854-1937
Subjects:
Publisher: Boston, Little, Brown, and company
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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retain the forcefulness of theirindividuality. It was not till four centuries later—^inthe eleventh century—that Mohammedanism wasimplanted in India by the armies of Tartar generalswhich entered the country by their customary route—across the Afghan border. For nearly two centuries(a.d. 1000 to A.D. 1192) Northern India was constantlyinvaded and plundered by the troops of Mohammedankingdoms that had been estabUshed in Afghanistan, orin the country beyond it. One king—Mahmud of Ghazni—led no less than fifteen expeditions ; and, since theobject was to secure not authority but riches, no limitswere set to the cruelty and rapacity of his soldiers. InA.D. 1192 the invaders were confronted by a Hindu con-federacy : they were victorious and decided to annex.Northern India was partitioned into a number of Moham-medan principalities, which with kaleidoscopic changesshared the domination of the country until the establish-ment of the Moghal empire four and a half centuries later. 220
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MOHAMMEDAN INVADERS One of these kingdoms, which fixed its capital at Delhi,outgrew the others, and at times successfully asserted itssuperiority over almost all of its Mohammedan rivals.In A.D. 1292 a king of Delhi—Ala-ud-din—carried hisvictorious arms to the extreme south of the peninsula,and erected a mosque on the cape which looks out towardsCeylon. But the effect of this expedition was transient,and, a few years later (a.d. 1336), a Hindu kingdom aroseon the Tungabhadra river which for two centuries safe-guarded Southern India from the zeal of the invaders.Its policy was guided by Brahmin advice, and it stoodfor the last hope of orthodox Hinduism. Its capital—Vijayanagar—attained a size and importance whichexcited the Uvely astonishment of European travellers.In A.D. 1398 the pretensions of Delhi to general supremacywere shattered by a bloody Tartar incursion led by Timurthe Lame, and new Mohammedan kingdoms were rapidlyfounded by generals or governors who were sufficient

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