Identifier: essentialsofhea00stow (find matches)
Title: The essentials of health. A text-book of anatomy, physiology, hygiene, alcohol, and narcotics
Year: 1892 (1890s)
Authors: Stowell, Charles H(enry), 1850- (from old catalog)
Subjects: Physiology
Publisher: New York, Boston (etc.) Silver, Burdett & company
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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t a,magnified. In some of the papillae are found loops, or coils, ofminute blood vessels; in others there is the ending of anerve fiber, giving the sense of touch to the tongue ;while in the other papillae are minute bodies, especiallyfor the sense of taste. The Taste Buds. The taste buds are found in thelarge papillae at the base of the tongue ; and a few are also distributed toother papillae. Theyare collections ofcells arranged in theform of buds, hencecalled taste buds.Each bud is not overgl^ of an inch inlength. The loca-tion of these bodies,in the edges of the papillae, is illustrated in Fig. 106. Itis seen that they are situated in the folds between thepapillae, rather thanon the upper freesurface. Fig. 107shows some of thesebodies more highlymagnified. Someof the cells compos-ing each bud aredirectly connectedwith a nerve fiber so that whenever anything comes incontact with these cells an impression of its tasteis conveyed down the cells and along the nerve fibers tothe brain.
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Fig. 107. Three of the taste buds of Fig.106, highly magnified. THE SENSES OF TASTE AND SMELL. 309 The Sense of Taste. There are lour different qualitiesof taste. We have the sensations of sweet, bitter, acid,,and saline. In order that any of these may be appre-ciated, the substance must be dissolved. Dry sugarplaced on a perfectly dry tongue produces no sensationof sweetness. Some of it must be dissolved before anyeffect is produced on the cells of the taste buds. Thesaliva aids in this, although there are mucous and se-rous glands in the tongue which secrete a watery fluid.The movements of the tongue promote the flow of thesesecretions, and thus aid in dissolving the substances andin distributing them over a greater surface. The senseof taste can be greatly improved by practice, while it ismaterially aided by the sense of smell. Confusion of Taste and Smell. The senses of smelland taste are often confused. Many times we believewe taste a substance when it is only the odor which ispe

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