English: The planar beat of the free flagellum, wave progression along the cell and rotation of the cell body. A high-speed video that was analyzed frame by frame is shown in an annotated slow motion version of the original video (A) and in still images from this video (B). In both representations the single beats originating at the free anterior tip of the flagellum are shown. Additionally the distance of translocation corresponding to each beat is annotated. The still images show each half beat of the first six flagellar beats in the video. This corresponds to a rotation of 360° around the anterior-posterior axis, as can be seen by the identical orientation of the directionally swimming cell after these six beats (i.e. 0 ms and 364 ms). The graph in (A) shows the measurements of nucleus (blue) and posterior tip movement (red) in swimming direction as shown in the video below with a resolution of 10 ms. The time stretches corresponding to single sequential flagellar beats are superimposed in grey. Note that each flagellar beat produces a distinct propulsive force resulting in movement along the anterior-posterior axis. The velocity (force produced by the wave) in swimming direction varies as a function of (1) the planar wave's asymmetry as it runs into the cell body (force varies as a function of flagellar beat frequency) and (2) the helical movement of the cell perpendicular to the movement in swimming direction (net translocation) in y- and z-direction.