File:Вход в пещерный город Чуфут- Кале. Бахчисарайский р-н. Крым.jpg
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editDescriptionВход в пещерный город Чуфут- Кале. Бахчисарайский р-н. Крым.jpg |
Русский: Средневековый город-крепость в Крыму "Чуфут-Кале". Город возник предположительно в V—VI веках, как укреплённое поселение на границе византийских владений. В XIII—XIV веках город был центром небольшого княжества, находившегося в вассальной зависимости от правителей Крымского Юрта Золотой Орды.
Древние жители занимались выделкой кожи, ее окраской и обработкой. Караимские ремесленники производили сафьяны, юфть и шагрень; из кожи мастерили седла, уздечки, туфли, башмаки. В настоящее время большая часть Чуфут-Кале находится в руинах. В городе сохранились некоторые жилые постройки, ворота, усадьба и многочисленные вырубленные в пещерах хозяйственные помещения, руины мечети и мавзолей дочери золотоордынского хана Тохтамыша Джаныке-ханым XIV века.English: The medieval fortress town in Crimea "Chufut cale". The town was founded probably in the V-VI centuries as a fortified settlement on the border of the Byzantine possessions. In XIII-XIV centuries the city was the center of a small principality, who was a vassal of the rulers of the Crimean yurt Golden Horde. The ancient inhabitants were engaged in dressing the skin, its color and treatment. Karaite craftsmen produced morocco, Russian leather and shagreen; We were making leather saddles, bridles, shoes, shoes. Currently, most of "Chufut cale" is in ruins. The city preserved some residential buildings, gates, the estate and the numerous caves carved into the utility room, the ruins of the mosque and the mausoleum of the daughter of the Golden Horde Khan Khanum Tokhtamysh Dzhanyke the XIV century. |
Date | |
Source | Own work |
Author | Tanya Vasilyeva |
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This image was uploaded as part of European Science Photo Competition 2015. |
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current | 20:03, 4 November 2015 | 6,000 × 4,000 (24.63 MB) | Tanya Vasilyeva (talk | contribs) | User created page with UploadWizard |
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Camera manufacturer | NIKON CORPORATION |
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Camera model | NIKON D5200 |
Exposure time | 1/200 sec (0.005) |
F-number | f/22 |
ISO speed rating | 1,250 |
Date and time of data generation | 15:23, 29 October 2015 |
Lens focal length | 18 mm |
Horizontal resolution | 240 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 240 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Lightroom 5.7 (Windows) |
File change date and time | 21:00, 4 November 2015 |
Exposure Program | Normal program |
Exif version | 2.3 |
Date and time of digitizing | 15:23, 29 October 2015 |
APEX shutter speed | 7.643856 |
APEX aperture | 8.918863 |
APEX exposure bias | −0.33333333333333 |
Maximum land aperture | 3.6 APEX (f/3.48) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash fired, strobe return light detected, compulsory flash firing |
DateTimeOriginal subseconds | 90 |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 90 |
Focal plane X resolution | 2,558.641204834 |
Focal plane Y resolution | 2,558.641204834 |
Focal plane resolution unit | 3 |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 27 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Scene control | High gain up |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |
Subject distance range | Unknown |
Serial number of camera | 4766090 |
Lens used | 18.0-55.0 mm f/3.5-5.6 |
Date metadata was last modified | 00:00, 5 November 2015 |
Unique ID of original document | 74A017038F6CEF3425D96855DEDB18EE |
IIM version | 4 |