File:Полевой сверчок - Gryllus campestris - European field cricket - Полски щурец - Feldgrille (26380503763).jpg
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DescriptionПолевой сверчок - Gryllus campestris - European field cricket - Полски щурец - Feldgrille (26380503763).jpg |
Русский: European field crickets are a type of insects widespread in Central and Southern Europe, Central Asia and North Africa. In Bulgaria, they live mainly in the Southern Rhodope Mountains and at the Black Sea. The species jumps relatively rarely and then only for short distances, but they are nimble runners, they are flightless and unable to migrate for long distances, and it therefore does not commonly recover on its own from local extinction. G. campestris is the most endangered cricket species in Britain. It is declining and red-listed in large parts of Central and Northern Europe, such as the United Kingdom, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Denmark and Lithuania (by the early 1990s the species was reduced in the UK to a single surviving colony of just 100 individuals in Coates, West Sussex). Here, the crickets are raised ex situ at London Zoo and nymphs are released in early fall. In total, more than 15,000 pupae were released in accordance with their requirements habitats. This breeding program has saved the species and some British people now reached the disappearance thousand adults during the good season. In Lower Saxony, Germany, there were more than a dozen crickets populations known to the 1990s, then a limited number of nymphs in an advanced stage of development was captured and relocated to other nature reserves. The same process is used in the federal state of Hesse.
Gryllus campestris was the insect of the year 2003 in Germany, and the animal of the year 2014 in Switzerland. Полевые сверчки широко распространены в Центральной и Южной Европе, Центральной Азии и Северной Африке. В Болгарии они живут в основном в Южных Родопах и у Черного моря. Прыгают сравнительно редко и только на короткие расстояния, но они шустро бегают. Этот вид насекомых нелетающий и не мигрирующий на большие расстояния, поэтому он обыкновенно не может восстановиться собственными силами в случае локального вымирания. G. campestris является наиболее исчезающим видом крикетов в Англии. Численность его сокращается, и он внесён в Красные книги в значительной части Центральной и Северной Европы, в таких странах как Великобритания, Германия, Нидерланды, Бельгия, Люксембург, Дания и Литва. Например, в начале 1990-х годов этот вид сократился в Великобритании к одной выжившей колонии всего в 100 особей в Коутс, Западный Суссекс. По программе спасения видов были выращены в общей сложности более 15 000 куколок (нимф) сверчков ex-situ в лондонском зоопарке, и в начале осени они были выпущены соответствии с их требованиями места обитания. Тот же процесс используется в федеральных землях Гессен и Нижняя Саксония, Германия, где в 1990-е годы насчитывалось лишь несколько дюжин сверчков. Ограниченное число нимф было переселено в другие заповедники, что легло в основу новых процветающих популяций. Полевой сверчок был объявлен насекомым 2003 года в Германии, и животным 2014 года в Швейцарии. |
Date | |
Source | Полевой сверчок / Gryllus campestris / European field cricket / Полски щурец / Feldgrille |
Author | Katya from Moscow, Russia |
Camera location | 42° 17′ 52.14″ N, 27° 44′ 55.69″ E | View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap | 42.297817; 27.748804 |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by katunchik at https://flickr.com/photos/12090392@N02/26380503763. It was reviewed on 18 March 2017 by FlickreviewR and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-sa-2.0. |
18 March 2017
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current | 21:31, 18 March 2017 | 2,046 × 1,560 (3.35 MB) | Спасимир (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via Flickr2Commons |
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Camera manufacturer | SAMSUNG |
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ISO speed rating | 80 |
Date and time of data generation | 10:46, 1 April 2016 |
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Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 240 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 240 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop CS6 (Windows) |
File change date and time | 21:02, 11 May 2016 |
Exposure Program | Normal program |
Exif version | 2.21 |
APEX shutter speed | 8.451211 |
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APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Metering mode | Spot |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire |
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Focal length in 35 mm film | 24 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
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Serial number of camera | DY049P000000 |
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Rating (out of 5) | 0 |
Date metadata was last modified | 00:02, 12 May 2016 |
Date and time of digitizing | 10:46, 1 April 2016 |
Unique ID of original document | 837F119258128A5C3196A2D9862B5208 |
IIM version | 20,196 |