File:Beaker (48467462697).jpg
Original file (3,014 × 5,024 pixels, file size: 3.13 MB, MIME type: image/jpeg)
Captions
Contents
Summary
Object
Enameled Mamluk beaker | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Author |
Pedro Ribeiro Simões from Lisboa, Portugal |
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Title |
Enameled Mamluk beaker label QS:Len,"Enameled Mamluk beaker" |
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Object type | beaker / glassware | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Description |
Calouste Gulbenkian Museum, São Sebastião da Pedreira, Lisbon, Portugal Material: Enamelled and gilded glass Period: Egypt or Syria, Mamluk period, the first half of the 14th century Collection: Calouste Gulbenkian Museum Inv.: 2378 Provenance: Georges Eumorfopoulos collection (bought in China c. 1918); Acquired by Calouste Gulbenkian, through M. Giraud-Badin sale, Sotheby’s, London, June 5-6th, 1940. ABOUT THE TIME PERIOD OF THE ACQUISITION In 1942, in the middle of the Second World War, Calouste Gulbenkian left Paris and settled in Lisbon, making the last acquisitions for his collection of ‘Islamic art’ in 1949. Between his last purchases is an enamelled glass beaker covered in exotic birds, which has been interpreted as a visualisation of the Sufi poem The Conference of the Birds. The war changed the political and social organisation of the world, resulting in a global redistribution of power. The United States gained influence in the West, while the Soviet Union dominated Eastern Europe. In the Middle East and North Africa, independence movements arose, causing social upheaval. All of these developments had deep and prolonged repercussions which we still feel today. SOURCE: <a href="https://gulbenkian.pt/museu/en/agenda/the-rise-of-islamic-art/" rel="noreferrer nofollow">gulbenkian.pt/museu/en/agenda/the-rise-of-islamic-art/</a> ABOUT THE WORK In terms of shape, this is the largest known cylindrical piece with a flaring top made in enamelled and gilded glass from the Mamluk era (1250-1517). Its size suggests it was either used for ceremonial purposes or was a valuable gift, while the unusual decoration depicts mythical and real birds. The upper part shows a phoenix with coloured plumage and a vulture, both flying above a hoopoe, a bird that is traditionally associated to royalty in the Middle East, as well as a pair of geese, a parrot and a hawk attacking a duck. The lower part has images of a magpie and a ground fowl. This group of birds is depicted all around the vase in a completely free style, the different positioning clearly suggesting a hierarchy that is dominated by the phoenix. The enamelled and gilded glass technique that made Syrian craftsmen famous is considered to be one of Islam’s main contributions to the art of glass. BIBLIOGRAPHY April 1975 Esin Atil – Art of the Arab World, exhibition catalogue, Washington, D.C. (Smithsonian Institution), 1975, p. 122 Pinder-Wilson 1976 Ralph Pinder-Wilson – “Elegance and Ornament in Islamic Glass”, in: Apollo, vol. CIII, no. 170, 1976, p. 215 London 1976 The Arts of Islam, exhibition catalogue, The Arts Council of Great Britain, London (Hayward Gallery), 1976, p. 145, no. 142 Goffen 1995 Rona Goffen (ed.) – Museums discovered: The Calouste Gulbenkian Museum, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, 1995, p. 180-181, colour pl. Queiroz Ribeiro e Hallett 1999 Maria Queiroz Ribeiro, e Jessica Hallett – Os Vidros da Dinastia Mameluca no Museu Calouste Gulbenkian / Mamluk Glass in the Calouste Gulbenkian Museum, Lisbon, Calouste Gulbenkian Museum, 1999, p. 60-70, 106-107, no. 1, colour pls. Lisbon 2001 Calouste Gulbenkian Museum – Album, Lisbon, Calouste Gulbenkian Museum, 2001, p. 35, no. 18, colour pl. SOURCE: <a href="https://gulbenkian.pt/museu/en/works_museu/beaker/" rel="noreferrer nofollow">gulbenkian.pt/museu/en/works_museu/beaker/</a> |
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Date | 27 July 2019, 17:18 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Medium | glass, enamel and gold | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dimensions |
height: 33.5 cm (13.1 in) ; diameter: 15 cm (5.9 in) dimensions QS:P2048,+33.5U174728 dimensions QS:P2386,+15U174728 |
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Collection |
institution QS:P195,Q211262 |
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Accession number |
2378 (Calouste Gulbenkian Museum) |
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Place of creation | Mamluk Sultanate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Object history |
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References | Google Arts & Culture asset ID: wgHCTCW_LntpMw |
Photograph
Date | |
Source | Beaker |
Author | Pedro Ribeiro Simões |
Camera location | 38° 44′ 15.77″ N, 9° 09′ 12.37″ W | View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap | 38.737715; -9.153435 |
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Licensing
- You are free:
- to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work
- to remix – to adapt the work
- Under the following conditions:
- attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
This image was originally posted to Flickr by pedrosimoes7 at https://flickr.com/photos/46944516@N00/48467462697. It was reviewed on 18 October 2020 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
18 October 2020
File history
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 03:29, 18 October 2020 | 3,014 × 5,024 (3.13 MB) | JotaCartas (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
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Metadata
This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
Camera manufacturer | Leica Camera AG |
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Camera model | M9 Digital Camera |
Exposure time | 1/90 sec (0.011111111111111) |
ISO speed rating | 1,000 |
Date and time of data generation | 17:18, 27 July 2019 |
Lens focal length | 50 mm |
Pixel composition | Color Filter Array |
Horizontal resolution | 72 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 72 dpi |
Software used | Photos 4.0 |
File change date and time | 17:18, 27 July 2019 |
Exposure Program | Aperture priority |
Exif version | 2.2 |
Date and time of digitizing | 17:18, 27 July 2019 |
APEX shutter speed | 6.5 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 1 APEX (f/1.41) |
Metering mode | Center weighted average |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire |
Color space | Uncalibrated |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Exposure mode | Manual exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 0 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 50 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Unique image ID | 00000000000000000000000000009705 |
Serial number of camera | 4232635 |
IIM version | 2 |