File:Canis dirus skull and neck.jpg
Original file (3,119 × 2,186 pixels, file size: 4.28 MB, MIME type: image/jpeg)
Captions
Summary edit
DescriptionCanis dirus skull and neck.jpg |
English: Canis dirus Leidy, 1858 - fossil dire wolf skull from the Pleistocene of North America. (public display, Sternberg Museum of Natural History, Hays, Kansas, USA)
From museum signage: "Dire wolves are closely related to the modern gray wolf. Their fossils have been found in great numbers in the tar pit deposits of California. The wolves were attracted to other animals trapped in the tar, and became trapped themselves. Dire wolves were widespread across North America during the Ice Age. They lived and hunted in packs like their modern cousins." "Extreme Pack Hunting The dire wolf (Canis dirus) evolved in North America, alongside the coyote (Canis latrans), and ranged from Alaska to Florida. The gray wolf (Canis lupus) migrated to North America from Asia some 200,000 years ago and subsequently coexisted with the dire wolf. The dire wolf and gray wolf are very similar in height and length, but the dire wolf was stockier with a broader head and larger teeth, and had shorter sturdier legs. Dire wolves may have hunted in large packs of 30 or more individuals, which is different from modern gray wolves that generally live in smaller packs of 5-10 individuals. Large pack size means dire wolves were mostly hunting large prey, and these large packs made them extremely successful predators during the Pleistocene. An example of their success can be seen in the La Brea tar pits in California where dire wolf skeletons outnumber gray wolf skeletons by nearly 200 to 1. The dire wolf had a diet dominated by bison and horse, but excluding elk, deer, and smaller prey. Soon after the extinction of horses, mammoths, and several bison species, the dire wolf also went extinct. On the other hand, modern gray wolf diet includes a broad range of prey including medium to large mammals such as deer, elk, muskox, carivou, and bison, as well as smaller prey such as hares, badgers, foxes, rodents, and waterfowl. Shortly following the dire wolf extinction, the domestication of gray wolves by humans began. " Classification: Animalia, Chordata, Vertebrata, Mammalia, Carnivora, Canidae See info. at: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dire_wolf |
Date | |
Source | https://www.flickr.com/photos/jsjgeology/31502296893/ |
Author | James St. John |
Licensing edit
This image was originally posted to Flickr. Its license was verified as "cc-by-2.0" by the UploadWizard Extension at the time it was transferred to Commons. See the license information for further details. |
- You are free:
- to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work
- to remix – to adapt the work
- Under the following conditions:
- attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
File history
Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time.
Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
current | 11:02, 29 January 2017 | 3,119 × 2,186 (4.28 MB) | FunkMonk (talk | contribs) | User created page with UploadWizard |
You cannot overwrite this file.
File usage on Commons
There are no pages that use this file.
File usage on other wikis
The following other wikis use this file:
- Usage on en.wikipedia.org
- Usage on it.wikipedia.org
- Usage on pl.wikipedia.org
Metadata
This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
Camera manufacturer | Canon |
---|---|
Camera model | Canon PowerShot D10 |
Exposure time | 3/10 sec (0.3) |
F-number | f/4.9 |
ISO speed rating | 320 |
Date and time of data generation | 10:52, 13 June 2012 |
Lens focal length | 18.6 mm |
Image title | |
Width | 4,000 px |
Height | 3,000 px |
Bits per component |
|
Pixel composition | RGB |
Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 180 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 180 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Elements 13.0 (Macintosh) |
File change date and time | 20:00, 14 January 2017 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 10:52, 13 June 2012 |
Meaning of each component |
|
Image compression mode | 3 |
APEX shutter speed | 1.75 |
APEX aperture | 4.59375 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 4.59375 APEX (f/4.91) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Focal plane X resolution | 16,460.905349794 |
Focal plane Y resolution | 16,483.516483516 |
Focal plane resolution unit | inches |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Lens used | 6.2-18.6 mm |
Date metadata was last modified | 15:00, 14 January 2017 |
Unique ID of original document | 8B35E2073CE515ADA1786DAB7A34BC01 |