File:Chemicum läbi ioonvedeliku.jpg
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Eesti: Ioonvedelik (vahel nimetatud ka ioonseks vedelikuks) on sool, mille kristallvõre energia on viidud teineteisega halvasti koordineeritud anioonide ja katioonide valiku abil sedavõrd madalale, et osad ioonvedelikud ei moodusta kristalle toa- ega isegi sellest madalamatel temperatuuridel. Fotol on kujutatud ühe enim uuritud ioonvedeliku, 1-etüül-3-metüül-imidasoolium tetraflouroboraadi (EMImBF4) tilk polüetüleenkilel. Foto pealt on võimalik mõõta, et märgumisnurk (nurk vedelikutilga ning aluspinna vahel) on 88°, seega märgab ioonvedelik polüetüleenkilet halvasti.
Ioonvedelikud pakuvad oma unikaalsete omaduste poolest palju võimalusi rakendamiseks näiteks elektrolüütidena akude või elektrilise kaksikkihi kondensaatorite valmistamisel ning lahustina keemilise sünteesi juures. Eestis uuritakse ioonvedelikke aktiivselt muu hulgas Tartu Ülikooli 2009. aastal valminud uues keemiahoones, mida kutsutakse ka Chemicumiks. Ioonvedeliku aururõhk on nii madal, et seda võib tavatingimuste korral mitte arvestada. Stabiilsus ning suur murdumisnäitaja võimaldavad ioonvedelikku kasutada isegi optilise elemendina. Tartu Ülikooli Tehnoloogiainstituudi Arukate Materjalide ja Seadmete Laboris, mis asub Chemicumi kõrval, uuritakse käesoleval ajal võimalusi ioonvedeliku ja polüetüleeni komposiidi valmistamiseks. Antud foto kuulub ioonvedelike ja erinevate aluspindade vahelise märgumisnurga määramise eksperimentide seeriasse. Märgumisnurk on oluline füüsikaline suurus kahe materjali vahel aset leidvate pinnaefektide kirjeldamisel. Juhuslikult on fotol näha ka Chemicum jäädvustatuna läbi ioonvedeliku tilgast moodustunud vedelikläätse.
English: Ionic liquid is a salt which is composed out of weakly coordinated anions and cations. The lattice energy of this salt is so low that some ionic liquids do not form crystals even at room temperatures or even below. In this photo, a drop of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMIBF4) is on top of polyethylene film. The contact angle (angle between the drop and the substrate) is 88°; this means that the wettability of polyethylene by ionic liquid is low.
Ionic liquids are favorable to be used as electrolytes in batteries, electric double-layer capacitors, or as solvents in chemical synthesis. In Estonia, the active research on ionic liquid takes place in the new chemistry building of University of Tartu, also called as Chemicum. The vapor pressure of ionic liquid is so low that under standard conditions it can be not considered. The stability and high refractive index allow the use of ionic liquids even as optical elements. In the Intelligent Materials and Systems Lab of the Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, located in a building next to Chemicum, possibilities of making a composite out of polyethylene and ionic liquid are investigated. This photo belongs to the series of experiments to determine the contact angles of different ionic liquid and substrate combinations. The contact angle is a very important physical parameter to describe the surface interaction between materials. In the current photo, also Chemicum is caught on the picture through a liquid lens formed out of a drop of ionic liquid. |
| Date | |
| Source | Own work |
| Author | Indrek Must |
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This image was uploaded as part of Estonian Science Photo Competition.
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