File:Craters within the Hellas Basin ESA14722627.jpeg
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editDescriptionCraters within the Hellas Basin ESA14722627.jpeg |
English: Scarring the southern highlands of Mars is one of the Solar System’s largest impact basins: Hellas, with a diameter of 2300 km and a depth of over 7 km. tHellas is dfdf to have formed between 3.8 and 4.1 billion years ago, when a large asteroid hit the surface of Mars. Since its formation, Hellas has been subject to modification by the action of wind, ice, water and volcanic activity. Impact craters have also since pock-marked this vast basin floor, two of which are the focus of this image, taken by the High Resolution Stereo Camera on ESA’s Mars Express on 17 December 2013. The ground resolution is about 15 metres per pixel. These craters lie in the deepest, western portion of Hellas, and such a clear view is unusual because dust clouds typically obscure the basin floor. Indeed, this region seems to be covered by a thick blanket of dust. The larger of the two craters is about 25 km across. A flow of material appears to have been transported from the top left of the scene and into the crater. Zooming in to the smooth mound and the area immediately around it reveals interesting textures that likely resulted from this flow. Flow features are also seen outside of the craters, and in particular, at the centre left of the image near the top of the frame. Material also seems to have cascaded from the larger crater’s rim and into a neighbouring smaller crater, at the far left of the image. The morphology of many features in the Hellas Basin and its surroundings strongly suggests the presence of ice and glaciers. For example, in the foreground and around the crater rim, polygons of patterned ground are visible which indicates the presence of water – this pattern occurs when fine grained and porous wet soil freezes. Indeed, in the deepest parts of the basin, the atmospheric pressure is about 89% higher than at the surface, which may even offer conditions suitable for water. Radar images from NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter suggest that some craters in Hellas might contain water-ice glaciers several hundred metres thick, buried under layers of dust. See more images from this region at the DLR website and in this previous ESA release. |
Date | 18 August 2014 (upload date) |
Source | Craters within the Hellas Basin |
Author | ESA/DLR/FU Berlin |
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Activity InfoField | Space Science |
Mission InfoField | Mars Express |
Set InfoField | Space Science image of the week |
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editThis media was created by the European Space Agency (ESA).
Where expressly so stated, images or videos are covered by the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO (CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO) licence, ESA being an Intergovernmental Organisation (IGO), as defined by the CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO licence. The user is allowed under the terms and conditions of the CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO license to Reproduce, Distribute and Publicly Perform the ESA images and videos released under CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO licence and the Adaptations thereof, without further explicit permission being necessary, for as long as the user complies with the conditions and restrictions set forth in the CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO licence, these including that:
See the ESA Creative Commons copyright notice for complete information, and this article for additional details.
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This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO license. Attribution: ESA/DLR/FU Berlin, CC BY-SA IGO 3.0
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current | 21:41, 11 June 2020 | 1,920 × 1,080 (866 KB) | OptimusPrimeBot (talk | contribs) | #Spacemedia - Upload of https://www.esa.int/var/esa/storage/images/esa_multimedia/images/2014/08/craters_within_the_hellas_basin/14722618-1-eng-GB/Craters_within_the_Hellas_Basin.jpg via Commons:Spacemedia |
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Camera manufacturer | Synthetic Camera |
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Camera model | Perspective Camera |
Exposure time | 0/1 sec (0) |
Date and time of data generation | 16:42, 8 July 2014 |
Lens focal length | 28 mm |
Author | Björn Schreiner - FU Berlin |
Width | 1,920 px |
Height | 1,080 px |
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Compression scheme | LZW |
Pixel composition | RGB |
Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Number of rows per strip | 45 |
Horizontal resolution | 72 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 72 dpi |
Data arrangement | chunky format |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop CS6 (Windows) |
File change date and time | 20:24, 10 July 2014 |
Exposure Program | Manual |
Date and time of digitizing | 16:42, 8 July 2014 |
DateTimeOriginal subseconds | 00 |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 00 |