English: Caption:

MERIDIAN STREET, INDIANAPOLIS, 1902. Kreodone-Creosote Wood-block Pavement in progress in March, 1902.

Identifier: cityroadspavemen00juds Title: City roads and pavements suited to cities of moderate size. Year: 1902 (1900s) Authors: Judson, William Pierson, 1849-1925 Subjects: Streets Pavements Roads Publisher: New York : The Engineering news publishing company Contributing Library: The Library of Congress Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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Text Appearing Before Image: wood were used. AMERICAN WOOD PAVEMENTS OF THE LATEST TYPE. The valuable qualities of the highest grade of treatedwood-block pavements have been generally recognizedespecially their freedom from noise; but their extensiveuse in the cities of the United States has been deferredby distrust based upon former failures and by theexcessive cost. The cities seem to have awaited the de- 74 AMERICAN WOOD PAVEMENT. velopment of some process of treatment of native woodswhich should be less costly than the Australian hard-woods just described, and more satisfactory in variousways than the former well-known American methods. The creosote as ordinarily used is an effective pre-servative in itself, but it tends to form an emulsion withwater, and also to ewaporate half to three-fourths onexposure to the sun and the weather. To avoid these defects has been the object of tworecent modifications of the treatment: the one called kreodone-creosote, and the other creo-resinate. 75 CITY ROADS AND PAVEMENTS.

Text Appearing After Image: Concrete base Id prugreis, Ten-ton roller. Completod pavement. MERIDIAN STREET, INDIANAPOLIS, 1902.Kreodone-Creosote Wood-block Pavement in progress in March, 1902. 76 KREODONE-CREOSOTE PROCESS. This consists in impregnating the seasoned selectedblocks under pressure with ten pounds per cubic footof an oil derived from creosote oil, possessing the origi-nal preservative properties with a longer endurance,and also having the effect of forming a varnish-like filmor coating on the outer surface of the wood, protectingit from the elements. The seasoned blocks are sterilized by subjectingthem to dry heat of 240° Fh., for eight hours. Thekreodone-oil is then forced into the fibres of the wood,under a pressure of seventy pounds per square inch,maintained for two to three hours, or until twelve poundshave been absorbed by each cubic foot of the wood. In some cases the blocks are laid with the coursesrunning diagonally across the street. The cost inIndianapolis for blocks four inches deep, ha

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