File:Lichen (5465493518).jpg
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Lichens (pronounced /ˈlaɪkən/,[1] sometimes /ˈlɪtʃən/[2]) are composite organisms consisting of a symbiotic association of a fungus (the mycobiont) with a photosynthetic partner (the photobiont or phycobiont), usually either a green alga (commonly Trebouxia) or cyanobacterium (commonly Nostoc).[3] The morphology, physiology and biochemistry of lichens are very different from those of the isolated fungus and alga in culture. Lichens occur in some of the most extreme environments on Earth—arctic tundra, hot deserts, rocky coasts, and toxic slag heaps. However, they are also abundant as epiphytes on leaves and branches in rain forests and temperate woodland, on bare rock, including walls and gravestones, and on exposed soil surfaces (e.g. Collema) in otherwise mesic habitats. Lichens are widespread and may be long-lived;[4] however, many are also vulnerable to environmental disturbance, and may be useful to scientists in assessing the effects of air pollution,[5][6][7] ozone depletion, and metal contamination. Lichens have also been used in making dyes and perfumes, as well as in traditional medicines. from Wikipedia |
Date | |
Source | Lichen |
Author | Alex Proimos from Sydney, Australia |
Camera location | 25° 36′ 08.86″ S, 54° 34′ 19.24″ W ![]() | View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap | ![]() |
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current | 13:43, 18 April 2013 | ![]() | 3,218 × 2,145 (1.71 MB) | File Upload Bot (Magnus Manske) (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr by User:russavia |
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Camera manufacturer | Canon |
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Camera model | Canon EOS 5D |
Exposure time | 1/400 sec (0.0025) |
F-number | f/5.6 |
ISO speed rating | 400 |
Date and time of data generation | 00:00, 16 February 2011 |
Lens focal length | 200 mm |
Short title | _MG_3927 |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 72 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 72 dpi |
Software used | QuickTime 7.6.6 |
File change date and time | 13:48, 21 February 2011 |
Exposure Program | Normal program |
Exif version | 2.2 |
Date and time of digitizing | 00:00, 16 February 2011 |
APEX shutter speed | 8.625 |
APEX aperture | 5 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Metering mode | Partial |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | Uncalibrated |
Focal plane X resolution | 3,086.9259259259 |
Focal plane Y resolution | 3,091.2954545455 |
Focal plane resolution unit | inches |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Scene capture type | Standard |
IIM version | 2 |