File:Pont du Gard - Detail II (2356566017).jpg
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DescriptionPont du Gard - Detail II (2356566017).jpg |
Take here a large view! Пон-дю-Гар — самый высокий сохранившийся древнеримский акведук. Перекинут через реку Гардон (прежде называемую Гар) во французском департаменте Гар близ Ремулана. Длина 275 метров, высота 47 метров. Памятник Всемирного наследия ЮНЕСКО (с 1985 г.) Долгое время считалось, что Пон-дю-Гар был воздвигнут для снабжения водой города Нима по приказу Марка Агриппы, зятя императора Октавиана Августа (ок. 19 г до н.э.). Новейшие исследования свидетельствуют о том, что строительство велось в сер. I в. н. э. Строился он без применения извёстки и представлял собой составную часть 50-километрового водопровода. Акведук трёхъярусный: в нижнем ярусе шесть арок, в среднем — одиннадцать, в верхнем — тридцать пять. По мере приближения к берегу ширина арок уменьшается. Водопровод перестал действовать вскоре после падения Римской империи, однако сам акведук на протяжении столетий использовался в качестве моста для повозок. Для пропуска габаритных транспортных средств часть опор была выдолблена, что создавало угрозу обвала всего сооружения. В 1747 г. неподалёку был построен современный мост, движение по Пон-дю-Гару было постепенно закрыто, а сам древний памятник по приказу Наполеона III реставрирован.
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Date | |
Source | Detail II |
Author | Wolfgang Staudt from Saarbruecken, Germany |
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This image, originally posted to Flickr, was reviewed on 29 January 2013 by the administrator or reviewer File Upload Bot (Magnus Manske), who confirmed that it was available on Flickr under the stated license on that date. |
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 17:39, 29 January 2013 | 4,204 × 2,693 (6.65 MB) | File Upload Bot (Magnus Manske) (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr by User:russavia |
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Metadata
This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
Camera manufacturer | NIKON CORPORATION |
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Camera model | NIKON D300 |
Author | Wolfgang Staudt |
Copyright holder |
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Exposure time | 1/60 sec (0.016666666666667) |
F-number | f/22 |
ISO speed rating | 200 |
Date and time of data generation | 12:02, 18 March 2008 |
Lens focal length | 10 mm |
Online copyright statement | www.flickr.com/photos/wolfgangstaudt |
Short title |
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Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 240 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 240 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop CS3 Windows |
File change date and time | 16:10, 23 March 2008 |
Exposure Program | Aperture priority |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 12:02, 18 March 2008 |
APEX shutter speed | 5.906891 |
APEX aperture | 8.918863 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 4 APEX (f/4) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire |
DateTimeOriginal subseconds | 87 |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 87 |
Color space | Uncalibrated |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 15 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Scene control | None |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Hard |
Subject distance range | Unknown |
Width | 4,204 px |
Height | 2,693 px |
Pixel composition | RGB |
Number of components | 3 |
Image width | 4,204 px |
Image height | 2,693 px |
Bits per component |
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Date metadata was last modified | 17:10, 23 March 2008 |
Copyright status | Copyrighted |
Keywords |
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Contact information | Wolfgang.staudt@gmail.com
http://www.myspace.com/wollemyspace Sankt Johanner Straße 41 - 43 Saarbrücken, Saarland, 66111 Bundesrepublik Deutschland/Germany |
IIM version | 36 |