File:Rock salt (Slavyanska Group, Lower Permian; Soledar Salt Mine District, Ukraine) 19.jpg
Original file (1,066 × 2,138 pixels, file size: 1.44 MB, MIME type: image/jpeg)
Captions
Summary edit
DescriptionRock salt (Slavyanska Group, Lower Permian; Soledar Salt Mine District, Ukraine) 19.jpg |
English: Halite from the Permian of Ukraine. (2.6 centimeters across at its widest)
This is a large halite sample, derived from a halitite deposit, also known as rock salt. Halite is NaCl - sodium chloride. Halitite is the most common type of evaporite, a crystalline-textured, chemical sedimentary rock formed by the evaporation of water (usually seawater), and the precipitation of dissolved minerals. Most halitites are clear to whitish to grayish. This sample is from Ukraine's Soledar Salt Mine District. Historically, salt was obtained in this area by evaporating water from natural salty lakes at the surface. Later, high-purity salt was obtained by underground mining and leaching from wells. Subsurface mine tunnels are huge - some are open to tourists. Soledar-area salt mines have targeted three thick halitite horizons in the Lower Permian Slavyanska Group. Each salt interval is about 30 to 40 meters thick. The succession also includes other evaporites (rock gypsum and rock anhydrite), carbonates, and fine-grained siliciclastics. Stratigraphy: probably derived from the Bryantsevsky Bed or the Under-Bryantsevsky Bed (these are also spelled "Bryantsevsk"), Slavyanska Group, Lower Permian Locality: Soledar Salt Mine District (possibly derived from Artemsol's Mine 1 or 3), north-northeast of the town of Artemivsk (Bakhmut), eastern Ukraine Some info. from: Bosevska, L.P. & A. Chowdhury. 2018. Labile technogenic geological system of the flooded Shevchenko Salt Mine (Ukraine). Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 27: 184-201. |
Date | |
Source | https://www.flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/50474267988/ |
Author | James St. John |
Licensing edit
- You are free:
- to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work
- to remix – to adapt the work
- Under the following conditions:
- attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/50474267988. It was reviewed on 14 October 2020 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
14 October 2020
File history
Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time.
Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
current | 03:37, 14 October 2020 | 1,066 × 2,138 (1.44 MB) | Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs) | Uploaded a work by James St. John from https://www.flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/50474267988/ with UploadWizard |
You cannot overwrite this file.
File usage on Commons
There are no pages that use this file.
Metadata
This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
Camera manufacturer | Canon |
---|---|
Camera model | Canon PowerShot D10 |
Exposure time | 1/60 sec (0.016666666666667) |
F-number | f/8 |
ISO speed rating | 80 |
Date and time of data generation | 19:19, 13 October 2020 |
Lens focal length | 6.2 mm |
Width | 4,000 px |
Height | 3,000 px |
Bits per component |
|
Pixel composition | RGB |
Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 180 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 180 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Elements 18.0 (Macintosh) |
File change date and time | 21:36, 13 October 2020 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 19:19, 13 October 2020 |
Meaning of each component |
|
Image compression mode | 3 |
APEX shutter speed | 5.90625 |
APEX aperture | 6 |
APEX exposure bias | −0.66666666666667 |
Maximum land aperture | 2.96875 APEX (f/2.8) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Flash | Flash fired, compulsory flash firing, red-eye reduction mode |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Focal plane X resolution | 16,460.905349794 |
Focal plane Y resolution | 16,483.516483516 |
Focal plane resolution unit | inches |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Manual exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Scene capture type | Portrait |
Lens used | 6.2-18.6 mm |
Date metadata was last modified | 17:36, 13 October 2020 |
Unique ID of original document | 64B720E99418BA1F8726F2E1C800399C |
IIM version | 24,576 |