File:S41467-021-21459-y.pdf
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A space hurricane over the Earth’s polar ionosphere
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English: In Earth’s low atmosphere, hurricanes are destructive due to their great size, strong spiral winds with shears, and intense rain/precipitation. However, disturbances resembling hurricanes have not been detected in Earth’s upper atmosphere. Here, we report a long-lasting space hurricane in the polar ionosphere and magnetosphere during low solar and otherwise low geomagnetic activity. This hurricane shows strong circular horizontal plasma flow with shears, a nearly zero-flow center, and a coincident cyclone-shaped aurora caused by strong electron precipitation associated with intense upward magnetic field-aligned currents. Near the center, precipitating electrons were substantially accelerated to ~10 keV. The hurricane imparted large energy and momentum deposition into the ionosphere despite otherwise extremely quiet conditions. The observations and simulations reveal that the space hurricane is generated by steady high-latitude lobe magnetic reconnection and current continuity during a several hour period of northward interplanetary magnetic field and very low solar wind density and speed. |
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https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-21459-y https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21459-y |
Author | Qing-He Zhang, Yong-Liang Zhang, Chi Wang, Kjellmar Oksavik, Larry R. Lyons, Michael Lockwood, Hui-Gen Yang, Bin-Bin Tang, Jøran Idar Moen, Zan-Yang Xing, Yu-Zhang Ma, Xiang-Yu Wang, Ya-Fei Ning & Li-Dong Xia |
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current | 17:35, 3 March 2021 | ![]() | 1,239 × 1,629, 10 pages (5.11 MB) | Pamputt (talk | contribs) | Uploaded a work by Qing-He Zhang, Yong-Liang Zhang, Chi Wang, Kjellmar Oksavik, Larry R. Lyons, Michael Lockwood, Hui-Gen Yang, Bin-Bin Tang, Jøran Idar Moen, Zan-Yang Xing, Yu-Zhang Ma, Xiang-Yu Wang, Ya-Fei Ning & Li-Dong Xia from https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-21459-y https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21459-y with UploadWizard |
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Short title | A space hurricane over the Earth’s polar ionosphere |
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Image title | Nature Communications, doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21459-y |
Author | Qing-He Zhang |
Software used | Springer |
Conversion program | iText® 5.3.5 ©2000-2012 1T3XT BVBA (SPRINGER SBM; licensed version) |
Encrypted | no |
Page size | 595.276 x 782.362 pts |
Version of PDF format | 1.4 |