English: The feminizing and masculinizing gene networks act antagonistically in fishes to determine sexual fate by promoting an estrogenic (left) or androgenic (right) environment. In females, the gene cyp19a1a synthesizes aromatase, the enzyme that converts testosterone to estradiol (E2) and maintains the auto-regulatory feed-forward loop promoting high estrogen levels that sustain ovarian function. Part of the loop are transcription factors, foxl2 and sf1, that upregulate cyp19a1a expression. An estrogenic environment supports feminizing gene expression, while suppressing the male genetic pathway. In males, hsd11b2 and cyp11c1, that are promoted by amh, synthesizes enzymes converting testosterone to 11-KT and enforces an androgenic environment promoting testicular function and male-specific gene expression. Dmrt1 upregulates expression of other masculinizing genes such as sox8 and sox9. Male-biased genes suppress the female genetic pathway with both amh and dmrt1 downregulating cyp19a1a. Dmrt1 downregulates rspo1/wnt/ β-catenin factors (e.g., wnt4) and acts antagonistically towards foxl2. Other feminizing (e.g., dax1, figla, sox3, gdf9) and masculinizing genes (e.g., gsdf, amh2r) have been shown to undergo significant change in expression during sex change, but their placement within the gene network and if expression patterns are prevalent across sequential hermaphrodites are unclear. Created with BioRender.com.