English: The National Wallace Monument The resolution to erect a national monument to William Wallace in Stirling was adopted on Bannockburn Day (the 24th of June), 1856, and the foundation stone was laid on Bannockburn Day, 1861, before a large crowd of onlookers.

In 1859, Sir Joseph Noel Paton had made the first suggestion for a design; he proposed a giant sculpture of a lion trampling and slaying a Typhon (a monster with a human upper half, and a lower half consisting of serpent coils).

However, Paton's design was rejected, and J.T.Rochead's design for a 220-foot tower of stone was adopted instead. The monument took eight years to build, and it was formally handed over to its custodians on the 11th of September, 1869, the 572nd anniversary of the Battle of Stirling Bridge.

The statue – https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/1623916 – of William Wallace that is visible on the corner of the tower is by D.W.Stevenson, and was added to the monument in 1887. (A modern statue, styled after Mel Gibson in the film "Braveheart", was installed in the nearby car park in 1997; to the regret of few, it was removed in 2008.)

Note the carved stonework that runs up the left-hand side of the tower; this contains the narrow spiral stairway (with 246 steps) that leads to the viewing area at the top of the monument; it also provides access to floors within the tower which house exhibits such as the Wallace Sword (there are long gaps in the recorded history of this item, but records of King James IV from 1505 mention that a "Wallas Sword" was provided with a new hilt and pommel).

Visible in the lower right corner of the image is the Wallace coat of arms, surmounted by a thistle; passing in front of the thistle, and along the adjacent sections of wall, is the carved representation of a rope.

To put this view into context, compare https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/1342937 and https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/313812

[For more information, see, e.g., "Introducing William Wallace", by Elspeth King.]