Identifier: lawsmechanicsofc00trip (find matches)
Title: The laws and mechanics of circulation, with the principle involved in animal movement
Year: 1885 (1880s)
Authors: Triplett, William Harrison, 1836-1890
Subjects: Physiology, Comparative Blood Respiration
Publisher: New York : J. H. Vail
Contributing Library: Columbia University Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons

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a (warm-blooded animals) isthe exclusive distributer of arterial blood, in an unmixed state,to the general system. Coming to the birds, keeping in mind the cardinal circum-stance in evolution, or the struggle with gravitation, togetherwith the means for evolving force in the organism or by respi-ration, inclusive of the actions in the heart and vessels, sincethe whole fonus a connected movement, as before remarked, wehave only to regard the mechanics from that stand-point, andthe whole is at once made intelligible. Thus, the animal islifted off the ground in place of lying at full length upon it, PKINCTPLE IN CAEDIAC DEVELOPMENT. 483 and supported by two chains of bones forming the cn.ra,which compel eternal vigilance and a tremendous strugglewith gravitation in order to effect it, the animal literally livingupon its feet, the body at greater or less elevation off theground, tending to fall to the earth all the time, and withevery movement to topple over in the direction of propelling
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i Pig. 181.— Left Auricle and Ventricle, Crocodilus Acutus.—Owen. M, left auricularcavity ; L, left ventricular cavity ; V**, inferior vena cava ; S, sinus formed at thejunction of upper and lower cava ; I, I, short trunks of pulmonary veins ; P, P,pulmonary arteries ; D, Df, D, intercommunicating channel between pulmonaryarteries and aortse ; ax, a*, carotid arteries ; a, a, subclavian arteries ; 5, 6, thetwo innominata. The pulmonary arteries, veins and upper cava are ligated. force. Marvelous adjustments with gravitation obtain in it,but for obvious reasons we shall at present only consider theeffect upon cardiac development. For evolving the requisite amount of force in the bird, mostextensive respiratory arrangements obtain in the lungs (Fig.182) and air-bladders, with which the lungs communicate bymeans of openings (a, e) carried through the lung-substance, 434 PRINCIPLE IX CAKDIAC DEVELOPMENT. the air penetrating the very bones themselves by means of anextensive canalicular

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