Orchis mascula

 Vernacular names [edit wikidata 'Orchis mascula']

• English: Early Purple Orchid, Early-purple Orchid
• العربية: سحلب ذكري
• مصرى: سحلب ذكرى
• azərbaycanca: Erkək səhləb
• беларуская: Ятрышнік мужчынскі
• български: Заобленолистен салеп
• català: Orquídia mascle
• corsu: Orchidea maschili
• čeština: vstavač mužský
• Cymraeg: Tegeirian coch y gwanwyn
• dansk: Tyndakset Gøgeurt
• Deutsch: Männliches Knabenkraut
• Schweizer Hochdeutsch: Männliches Knabenkraut
• Ελληνικά: Όρχις η άρρην
• español: Campanos
• eesti: Jumalakäpp
• فارسی: ثعلب نر
• suomi: Miehenkämmekkä
• français: Orchis mâle
• Gaeilge: Magairlín meidhreach
• galego: Satirión morado
• hornjoserbsce: Muska pihawka
• magyar: Füles kosbor
• kernowek: tegeyryan purpur angwenton
• Lëtzebuergesch: Maans-Bouwekraut
• lietuvių: Vyriškoji gegužraibė
• latviešu: vīru dzegužpuķe
• norsk bokmål: Vårmarihånd
• Nederlands: Mannetjesorchis
• norsk nynorsk: Vårmarihand
• norsk: Vårmarihand
• polski: Storczyk męski
• português: Satirião-macho
• русский: Ятрышник мужской
• slovenčina: vstavač mužský
• slovenščina: stasita kukavica
• српски / srpski: Салеп
• српски (ћирилица): Салеп
• srpski (latinica): Salep
• svenska: Sankt Pers nycklar
• Türkçe: Er salebi
• українська: Зозулинець чоловічий

APG IV Classification: Domain: Eukaryota • (unranked): Archaeplastida • Regnum: Plantae • Cladus: Angiosperms • Cladus: monocots • Ordo: Asparagales • Familia: Orchidaceae • Subfamilia: Orchidoideae • Tribus: Orchideae • Subtribus: Orchidinae • Genus: Orchis • Species: Orchis mascula (L. (1755))

Synonyms

Basionym Orchis morio var. mascula L., Sp. Pl.: 224 (1753) Homotypic synonyms Orchis rectiflorus St.-Lag., Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 11(Mém.): 43 (1883 publ. 1884) Androrchis mascula (L.) D.Tyteca & E.Klein, J. Eur. Orch. 40: 544 (2008) Heterotypic synonyms Orchis vernalis Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 6 (1796) Orchis compressiflora Stokes, Bot. Mat. Med. 4: 292 (1812) Orchis verna Fleury, Orchid. Rennes: 15 (1819) Orchis stabiana Ten., Syll. Pl. Fl. Neapol.: 453 (1831) Orchis mascula var. albiflora Tinant, Fl. Luxemb.: 438 (1836) Orchis mascula var. minima Tinant, Fl. Luxemb.: 438 (1836) Orchis mascula var. acutiflora W.D.J.Koch, Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv.: 686 (1837) Orchis mascula var. obtusiflora W.D.J.Koch, Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv.: 686 (1837) Orchis parreissii C.Presl, Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., V, 3: 542 (1845) Orchis obtusiflora Schur, Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 71 (1853) Orchis masculolatifolia Lange, Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 1860: 78 (1860) Orchis mascula var. obtusata Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 642 (1866) Orchis obtusa Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 942 (1866) Orchis mascula f. brevibracteata Luerss., Abh. Naturwiss. Vereins Bremen 1868: 38 (1868) Orchis pinetorum Boiss. & Kotschy in P.E.Boissier, Fl. Orient. 5: 68 (1882) Orchis speciosa var. alba Goiran, Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 15: 50 (1883) Orchis speciosa var. rosea Goiran, Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 15: 50 (1883) Orchis mascula var. maritzii J.A.Guim., Bol. Soc. Brot. 5: 72 (1887) Orchis wilmsii K.Richt., Pl. Eur. 1: 273 (1890) Orchis mascula f. comosa M.Schulze, Orch. Deutschl.: 8 (1894) Orchis mascula var. albiflora Touss. & Hoschedé, Bull. Soc. Amis Sci. Nat. Rouen, IV, 33: 257 (1898) Orchis cochleata H.Fleischm. & M.Schulze, Mitth. Thüring. Bot. Vereins, n.f., 17: 46 (1902) Orchis kromayeri M.Schulze, Mitth. Thüring. Bot. Vereins, n.f., 19: 112 (1904) Orchis mascula f. kotuliana Zapal., Consp. Fl. Gallic. Crit.: 205 (1906) Orchis mascula f. laxa Zapal., Consp. Fl. Gallic. Crit.: 205 (1906) Orchis mascula f. minor Zapal., Consp. Fl. Gallic. Crit.: 205 (1906) Orchis mascula f. podolica Zapal., Consp. Fl. Gallic. Crit.: 205 (1906) Orchis mascula f. tatrensis Zapal., Consp. Fl. Gallic. Crit.: 205 (1906) Orchis mascula f. cochleata (H.Fleischm. & M.Schulze) Asch. & Graebn., Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 3: 701 (1907) Orchis mascula f. brevicalcarata E.G.Camus, Monogr. Orchid.: 154 (1908) Orchis mascula subsp. pinetorum (Boiss. & Kotschy) E.G.Camus, Monogr. Orchid.: 156 (1908) Orchis mascula f. platyloba W.Zimm., Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 16: 8 (1910) Orchis mascula f. acutiflora (W.D.J.Koch) A.Fuchs, Mitt. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 3: 242 (1915) Orchis mascula f. borbasiana Soó, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 29 (1927) Orchis mascula var. pinetorum (Boiss. & Kotschy) Schltr., Monogr. Iconogr. Orchid. Eur. 1(4-5): 198 (1927) Orchis mascula f. reichenbachiana Soó, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 29 (1927) Orchis mascula lusus alba (Goiran) Soó, Bot. Arch. 23: 53 (1928) Orchis mascula var. monsignatica Font Quer, Cavanillesia 1: 19 (1928) Orchis mascula lusus rosea (Goiran) Soó, Bot. Arch. 23: 54 (1928) Orchis wanjkovii E.Wulff, Fl. Taurica 1(3): 97 (1930) Orchis mascula subsp. wanjkovii (E.Wulff) Soó in G.Keller & al., Monogr. Iconogr. Orchid. Eur. 2: 170 (1932) Orchis monsignatica (Font Quer) Rivas Goday, Revista Univ. Madrid (Farm.) 1(4): 253 (1941) Orchis mascula subsp. occidentalis O.Schwarz, Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1: 94 (1949) × Orchidactyla kromayeri (M.Schulze) Borsos & Soó, Ann. Univ. Sci. Budapest. Rolando Eötvös, Sect. Biol. 8: 316 (1966) Orchis mascula var. tenera Landwehr, Wilde Orchid. Eur. 2: 557 (1977) Orchis mascula var. bicolor Balayer, Bull. Soc. Bot. France, Lett. Bot. 113: 281 (1986) Orchis mascula subsp. longibracteatoides Balayer, Bull. Soc. Bot. France, Lett. Bot. 133: 281 (1986) Orchis tenera (Landwehr) Kreutz, Eurorchis 3: 98 (1991) Orchis mascula subsp. acutiflora (W.D.J.Koch) Quentin, Cah. Soc. Franç. Orchidophilie 1: 82 (1993) Orchis mascula subsp. tenera (Landwehr) Del Prete, Caesiana 12: 37 (1999) Orchis mascula subsp. longicalcarata Akhalk., H.Baumann, R.Lorenz, Mosul. & Ruedi Peter, J. Eur. Orch. 37: 897 (2005) Orchis mascula subsp. maghrebiana B.Baumann & H.Baumann, J. Eur. Orch. 37: 921 (2005) Orchis lapalmensis (Leibbach & Ruedi Peter) P.Delforge, Naturalistes Belges 88: 248 (2007) Orchis mascula subsp. lapalmensis Leibbach & Ruedi Peter, J. Eur. Orch. 39: 59 (2007) Orchis mascula f. longicalcarata (Akhalk., H.Baumann, R.Lorenz, Mosul. & Ruedi Peter) P.Delforge, Naturalistes Belges 88: 248 (2007) Orchis mascula f. maghrebiana (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) P.Delforge, Naturalistes Belges 88: 248 (2007) Androrchis pinetorum (Boiss. & Kotschy) D.Tyteca & E.Klein, J. Eur. Orch. 40: 543 (2008) Androrchis tenera (Landwehr) D.Tyteca & E.Klein, J. Eur. Orch. 40: 544 (2008) Androrchis mascula subsp. lapalmensis (Leibbach & Ruedi Peter) W.Foelsche & Jakely, J. Eur. Orch. 41: 350 (2009) Androrchis mascula subsp. longicalcarata (Akhalk., H.Baumann, R.Lorenz, Mosul. & Ruedi Peter) W.Foelsche & Jakely, J. Eur. Orch. 41: 350 (2009) Androrchis mascula subsp. maghrebiana (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) W.Foelsche & Jakely, J. Eur. Orch. 41: 351 (2009) Orchis mascula f. albiflora (Touss. & Hoschedé) F.M.Vázquez, Folia Bot. Extremadur. 3: 109 (2009) Orchis mascula f. fimbriata F.M.Vázquez, Folia Bot. Extremadur. 3: 110 (2009) Orchis tenera f. herculiana F.M.Vázquez, Folia Bot. Extremadur. 3: 121 (2009)

Species

Natural habitats

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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Rhoen
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Rhoen
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  Orchis mascula
  Spain
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  Orchis mascula
  Spain
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  Orchis mascula
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Hohenlohe-Franken
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Hohenlohe-Franken
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Saarland
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  Orchis mascula
  Belgium - Roche-aux-faucons
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  Orchis mascula
  England- North Yorkshire
  Hebden
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Moosalbtal (bei Völkersbach)
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Simonswald-Haslach
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Gütenbach
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Gütenbach

Images of the whole plant

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  Orchis mascula
  France - Aveyron
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  Orchis mascula
  Ireland - County Clare
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Saarland
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Saarland
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Saarland
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Saarland
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  Orchis mascula
  Sweden - Öland
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  Orchis mascula
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  Orchis mascula
  Turkey
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  Orchis mascula
  Belgium - Dourbes
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  Orchis mascula
  Belgium - Dourbes
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  Orchis mascula
  Spain
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  Orchis mascula
  Naturschutzgebiet Egge-Nord
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Neurod bei Ettlingen
• 
• 
  A Camarasa (Noguera - Catalunya)
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  Al Montsec de Rúbies (Pallars Jussà - Catalunya)
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  Al Montsec de Rúbies (Pallars Jussà - Catalunya)
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  Orchis mascula
  Belgium - Roche-aux-faucons
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Hohenlohe
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Saarland
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  Orchis mascula
  Switzerland - Bern
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  Orchis mascula
  France - Arnaville
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  Orchis mascula
  Pyrénées-Atlantiques
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  Orchis mascula
  Belgium - Dourbes
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  Orchis mascula
  Belgium - Dourbes
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  Orchis mascula
  England - West Sussex
  Tillington
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  Orchis mascula
  Deutschland - Hessen
  Main-Kinzig-Kreis
  Steinau bei Schlüchtern
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Rügen
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  Orchis mascula
  France - Le Vuache
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  Orchis mascula
  Norway - Lofoten
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  Orchis mascula
  Spain
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  Orchis mascula
  Spain
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Moosalbtal (bei Völkersbach)
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Moosalbtal (bei Völkersbach)
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Moosalbtal (bei Völkersbach)
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Moosalbtal (bei Völkersbach)
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Moosalbtal (bei Völkersbach)
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Simonswald-Haslach
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Simonswald-Haslach
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Wellendingen (Bonndorf im Schwarzwald)
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Wellendingen (Bonndorf im Schwarzwald)
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Kaiserstuhl
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Moosalbtal
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Furtwangen
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Furtwangen
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Gütenbach
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Hessen Taunus

Inflorescences

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  Orchis mascula
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  Orchis mascula
  Belgium - Dourbes
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  Orchis mascula
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  Orchis mascula
• 
  Orchis mascula
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany -
  North Rhine-Westphalia
  near Warburg
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  Orchis mascula
  Romania
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  Orchis mascula
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  Orchis mascula
  Keila
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  Orchis mascula
  France - Paslières
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  Orchis mascula
  France - Le Vuache
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Hohenlohe
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Hohenlohe
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  Orchis mascula
  Sweden - Öland
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  Orchis mascula
  Lithuania
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  Orchis mascula
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  Orchis mascula
  France - Paslières
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  Orchis mascula
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Saarland
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  Orchis mascula
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - NRW
  Münster
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  Orchis mascula
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany -
  Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
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  Orchis mascula
  Belgium - Dourbes
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Saarland
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Saarland
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  Orchis mascula
  Italy - Genova
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Schönberg (Kienberg) bei Freiburg
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  A Torà (Segarra - Catalunya)
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  A Lladurs (Solsonès - Catalunya)
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Neurod bei Ettlingen
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Moosalbtal (bei Völkersbach)
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Moosalbtal (bei Völkersbach)
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Moosalbtal (bei Völkersbach)
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Moosalbtal (bei Völkersbach)
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Henschelberg (bei Mosbach)
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Kaiserstuhl
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Gütenbach
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Hessen Taunus

Flowers

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  Orchis mascula
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Schwäbisch-Fränkischer Wald
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  Orchis mascula
  Lithuania
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  Orchis mascula
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Saarland
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Saarland
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  Orchis mascula
  Deutschland - Hessen
  Main-Kinzig-Kreis
  Steinau bei Schlüchtern
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  Orchis mascula
  Italy - Genova
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  Orchis mascula
  Italy - Genova
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Saarland
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  Orchis mascula
  Deutschland - Hessen
  Main-Kinzig-Kreis
  Steinau bei Schlüchtern
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Rügen
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  Orchis mascula
  Detail
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Saarland
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Moosalbtal (bei Völkersbach)
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Moosalbtal (bei Völkersbach)
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Moosalbtal (bei Völkersbach)
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Wellendingen (Bonndorf im Schwarzwald)
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  Orchis mascula
  Turkey
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  Orchis mascula Germany - Gütenbach

Buds

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  Orchis mascula
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Neurod bei Ettlingen
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Neurod bei Ettlingen
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  Orchis mascula
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  Orchis mascula

[[:Category:Orchis mascula - fruits|Capsules (fruit)]]

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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Kaiserstuhl

Leaves

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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Rügen
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  Orchis mascula
  leaves and flower-buds
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  Orchis mascula
  Italy - Genova
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Moosalbtal (bei Völkersbach)
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  Orchis mascula
  Germany - Moosalbtal (bei Völkersbach)

Botanical illustrations

• 

  Orchis mascula
  plate 230 in:
  John Curtis:
  British Entomology vol. 7
  (1836)
  (with: Aradus corticalis)

• 
  Orchis mascula
  Figure #1 from the 1877 edition
  Charles Darwin's
  Fertilisation of Orchids.
• 
  Pollinium of
  Orchis mascula
  Detail of Figure #1 from the 1877 edition of
  Charles Darwin's
  Fertilisation of Orchids
• 
  Derivative work from Figure #1 from the 1877 edition of
  Charles Darwin's
  Fertilisation of Orchids
• 
  Orchis mascula
  plate 1333 in:
  Flora Batava
  (Orchidaceae),
  vol. 17,
  (1885)
• 
  Orchis mascula
  Moška kúkavica
  plate 455 in:
  Martin Cilenšek:
  Naše škodljive rastline
  (Orchidaceae)
  Celovec (1892)
• 
  Orchis mascula
  plate 44 in:
  Henry Correvon:
  Album des orchidées de l'Europe centrale et septentrionale
  Genève (1899)
• 

  Orchis mascula
  Tafel 22 in:
  Walter Müller:
  Abbildungen der in Deutschland und den angrenzenden Gebieten vorkommenden Grundformen der Orchideenarten
  Berlin (1904)

• 
  Orchis mascula
  (as syn.
  Orchis masculus)
  plate 401 in:
  C.A.M Lindman:
  Bilder ur Nordens Flora
  (Orchidaceae)
  (1917-1927)

Subspecies - Varietas - Forma

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  Orchis mascula subsp. laxifloriformis

• 

  Orchis mascula subsp. speciosa

Orchis mascula subsp. pinetorum (Boiss. & Kotschy) E.G.Camus (1908)

• 
• 
• 

Orchis mascula var. alba

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  Orchis mascula
  var. alba
  plants
  Germany - Saarland
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  Orchis mascula
  var. alba
  plants
  Germany - Saarland
• 
  Orchis mascula
  var. alba
  plant
  Germany - Saarland
• 
  Orchis mascula
  var. alba
  inflorescence
  Germany - Saarland
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  Orchis mascula
  var. alba
  inflorescence
  Spain
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  Orchis mascula
  var. alba
  inflorescence
  Germany - Saarland
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  Orchis mascula
  var. alba
  inflorescence
  Germany - Saarland
• 
  Orchis mascula
  var. alba
  inflorescence
  Spain
• 
  Orchis mascula
  var. alba
  plant
  Germany - Saarland
• 
  Orchis mascula
  var. alba
  flowers
  Germany - Saarland
• 
  Orchis mascula
  var. alba
  flowers
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  Orchis mascula
  var. alba
  flowers
  Germany - Saarland
• 
  Orchis mascula
  var. alba
  flowers
  Germany - Gütenbach

• 
  Orchis mascula
  inflorescence
  „semialba“
• 
  Orchis mascula
  inflorescence
  „semialba“

Native distribution areas

Reference: Brummitt, R.K. (2001) TDGW - World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition Europe Northern Europe Denmark, Finland, Føroyar, Great Britain, Ireland, Norway, Sweden. Middle Europe Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland. Southwestern Europe Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain. Southeastern Europe Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Romania, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia. Eastern Europe Belarus, Baltic States, Krym, Central European Russia, East European Russia, South European Russia, Ukraine. Africa Northern Africa Algeria, Morocco. Macaronesia Canary Islands, Madeira. Asia-Temperate Caucasus North Caucasus, Transcaucasus. Western Asia East Aegean Islands, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, Turkey.

Selected Weblinks

Wikispecies has an entry on: Orchis mascula.

• Kew Gardens 'World Checklist' link : Orchis mascula