Quercus robur

APG IV Classification: Domain: Eukaryota • (unranked): Archaeplastida • Regnum: Plantae • Cladus: angiosperms • Cladus: eudicots • Cladus: core eudicots • Cladus: superrosids • Cladus: rosids • Cladus: eurosids I • Ordo: Fagales • Familia: Fagaceae • Genus: Quercus • Species: Quercus robur L. (1753)

Synonyms

- see: Wikispecies

Vernacular names [edit wikidata 'Quercus robur']

English: English oak, Pedunculate oak, French oak, English Oak, European Oak, Pedunculate Oak
Afrikaans: Steeleik
العربية: سنديان قوي
azərbaycanca: Yay palıdı
تۆرکجه: یای پالیدی
беларуская: Дуб звычайны
български: Обикновен дъб
bosanski: Hrast lužnjak
català: Roure pènol
čeština: Dub letní
Cymraeg: Derwen mes coesynnog
dansk: Stilk-eg
Deutsch: Stiel-Eiche, Sommereiche, Deutsche Eiche, Stieleiche
Schweizer Hochdeutsch: Stieleiche
emiliàn e rumagnòl: Róra
Esperanto: Tigfrukta kverko
eesti: Harilik tamm
euskara: Haritz kandudun
فارسی: بلوط قرمز اروپایی
suomi: Tammi
français: Chêne Pédonculé
Gaeilge: Dair ghallda
galego: Carballo común
hrvatski: Hrast lužnjak
hornjoserbsce: Šiškaty dub
magyar: Kocsányos tölgy
Հայերեն: Կաղնի ամառային
Ido: Rovro
íslenska: Sumareik
日本語: ヨーロッパナラ
қазақша: Кәдімгі емен
한국어: 로부르참나무
kernowek: Dar
Lëtzebuergesch: Stilleech
lietuvių: Paprastasis ąžuolas
latviešu: Parastais ozols
олык марий: Тумо
кырык мары: Тум
эрзянь: Тумо
norsk bokmål: sommereik
Nederlands: Zomereik
norsk nynorsk: Sommareik
norsk: Sommereik
Livvinkarjala: Tammi
polski: Dąb szypułkowy
پنجابی: یورپی بلوط
português: Carvalho-roble
português do Brasil: Carvalho-roble
Runa Simi: K'aspicha ruwli
română: Stejar
русский: Дуб черешчатый
žemaitėška: Ōžouls
srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски: Hrast lužnjak
slovenčina: Dub letný
slovenščina: Dob
српски / srpski: Храст лужњак
српски (ћирилица)‎: Лужњак
srpski (latinica)‎: Lužnjak
svenska: Ek
українська: Дуб черешчатий
中文: 夏櫟
中文（中国大陆）‎: 夏栎
中文（简体）‎: 夏栎
中文（繁體）‎: 夏櫟
中文（香港）‎: 夏櫟
中文（新加坡）‎: 夏栎
中文（台灣）‎: 夏櫟

Images of the whole plantEdit

Tamme-Lauri Oak (oldest tree in Estonia).
Pedunculate (common) oak in conical form
Habitus and Habitat
more than 1000 year old pedunculate oak
Oak "Cysters" in Rudy
Pedunculate oak in Wilsede, Lüneburg Heath
Raunkiaer Oak, Denmark
Dąb Chrobry, gmina Przemków, Nadleśnictwo Szprotawa, 2^nd photo.
1000 yo oak in Nöbdenitz, Germany
1000 yo oak in Nöbdenitz, Germany
In urban enviroment
Gernikako Arbola, the oak besides the Basque Parliament in Gernika
1000 year old pedunculate oak.
1000 year old pedunculate oak trunk.
680 year old pedunculate oak in Wriezen-Haselberg
Pedunculate oak in winter.
Kacerenský dub, Czech
Enghien (Belgium)
Enghien (Belgium)
Mesnil-Église (Belgium)
Mesnil-Église (Belgium)
Presgaux (Belgium)
Presgaux (Belgium)
2 years old (Moscow region)
Quercus robur, Natural monuments in Uetersen
Quercus robur, Natural monuments in Uetersen
Landschaftspark Steinhöfel, Germany
Marki, Poland
Marki, Poland
Natural monument, Marki, Poland
Marki, Poland
Natural monument, Kończyce Wielkie, Poland
gmina Nieporęt, near Marki, Poland
oak in Araba
Pedonculate oak in winter, Havré, Belgium
Białowieża, Poland, June 2006
mutation
mutation
Seedling

BarkEdit

Bark on old tree
Bark
Bark (middle-aged tree)
Closed rind gall. Białowieża forest (maps.google.com) Poland
'Fastigiata' Bark
Bark, Bulgaria

Natural habitatsEdit

Trees in winter, Denmark
Dąb Chrobry, gmina Przemków, Nadleśnictwo Szprotawa.

BudsEdit

Buds
Buds
Buds
Buds
Buds
Buds
Buds

LeavesEdit

Leaf (nl: veerspletig blad)
Leaves
Autumn leaf
Leaves and acorns
'Fastigiata' Leaves
'Concordia'

FlowersEdit

Flowers
Male flowers (Mannelijke bloeiwijze van Zomereik)
Male flowers in hanging inflorescence
Female flowers on a long peduncle

InfructescencesEdit

Acorns
Acorns
Acorns
Acorn
Leaf and acorn Solana del Pino
Acorn shells (one misformed)

Pests and diseasesEdit

Oak galls on male flowers
Andricus foecundatrix
Andricus fecundator
Andricus fecundator, letyniec szysznica, Polska
Andricus foecundatrix on Quercus robur
Andricus foecundatrix
Andricus kollari
Andricus kollari
Andricus quercusfolii
Andricus quercuscalicis
Andricus quercuscalicis
Oak galls on acorns (Andricus quercuscalicis)
Cynips agama
(nl: vrouwelijk galwesp Eikennapjesgal) female Neuroterus albipes forma laeviusculus
Neuroterus numismalis
Neuroterus quercusbaccharum
Oak mildew Microsphaera alphitoides (nl: Zomereik met meeldauw), mączniak dębu
Tischeria complanella, tyszerka płaskowiaczek, Polska
Tischeria complanella, tyszerka płaskowiaczek, Polska
Neuroterus numismalis
Neuroterus quercus-baccarum; rewiś dębowy, rewiś jagodek; Polska
Neuroterus quercus-baccarum; rewiś dębowy, rewiś jagodek; Polska
Caliroa annulipes, śluzownica lipowa, Polska
Caliroa annulipes, śluzownica lipowa, Polska
Daedalea quercina, Gmatwek dębu, Polska
Mildew
Mildew

CultivarsEdit

Quercus robur 'Fastigiata'
Quercus robur 'Fastigiata'
Quercus robur 'Fastigiata'
Quercus robur 'Concordia'
Quercus robur 'Concordia' leaves
Quercus robur 'Pyramidalis'

Wood, productsEdit

Wood
cross section, Marki, Poland.
cross section with include sapwood
longitudinal section with include sapwood
Tree rings (Öland, Sweden).
Sanded cross section (1200 dpi), Öland, Sweden, Dendrochronological time span AD 1585-1698
Quercus robur - Museum specimen

Native distribution areasEdit

Range map

Botanical illustrationsEdit

Quercus robur
plate 143 in:
Wayside and woodland blossoms,
1895
Quercus robur
plate 143 in:
Wayside and woodland blossoms,
1895 alternative
crop
Storkeegen, an old tree in Denmark
Baggesenseg, an old tree in Denmark