File:Aglais urticae (4532072405).jpg
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editDescriptionAglais urticae (4532072405).jpg |
The Small Tortoiseshell is one of our most-familiar butterflies, appearing in gardens throughout the British Isles. Unfortunately, this butterfly has suffered a worrying decline, especially in the south, over the last few years. This butterfly has always fluctuated in numbers, but the cause of the most-recent decline is not yet known, although various theories have been proposed. One is the increasing presence of a particular parasitic fly, Sturmia bella, due to global warming - this species being common on the continent. The fly lays its eggs on leaves of the foodplant, close to where larvae are feeding. The tiny eggs are then eaten whole by the larvae and the grubs that emerge feed on the insides of their host, avoiding the vital organs. A fly grub eventually kills its host and emerges from either the fully-grown larva or pupa before itself pupating. Although the fly attacks related species, such as the Peacock and Red Admiral, it is believed that the lifecycle of the Small Tortoiseshell is better-synchronised with that of the fly and it is therefore more prone to parasitism. This is one of our most widespread butterflies, occurring throughout the British Isles, including the Orkneys and Shetlands |
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Author | nottsexminer |
Camera location | 53° 06′ 05.2″ N, 1° 19′ 26.95″ W ![]() | View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap | ![]() |
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This image, originally posted to Flickr, was reviewed on 16 December 2012 by the administrator or reviewer File Upload Bot (Magnus Manske), who confirmed that it was available on Flickr under the stated license on that date. |
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current | 13:58, 16 December 2012 | ![]() | 2,560 × 1,920 (2.1 MB) | File Upload Bot (Magnus Manske) (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr by User:Fæ |
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Metadata
This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
Camera manufacturer | Panasonic |
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Camera model | DMC-FZ28 |
Exposure time | 1/250 sec (0.004) |
F-number | f/5.6 |
ISO speed rating | 100 |
Date and time of data generation | 11:00, 9 August 2009 |
Lens focal length | 86.4 mm |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 180 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 180 dpi |
Software used | Ver.1.0 |
File change date and time | 11:00, 9 August 2009 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exposure Program | Normal program |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 11:00, 9 August 2009 |
Meaning of each component |
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Image compression mode | 4 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 3 APEX (f/2.83) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 0 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 692 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Scene control | None |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |