File:Heinabergsjökull.jpg
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Summary
editDescriptionHeinabergsjökull.jpg |
English: The Heinabergsjökull in Iceland is an outlet glacier flowing from Vatnajökull, the largest ice cap in in Europe by volume (3,100 km³). All over the world the ongoing retreat of glaciers is one of the clearest manifestations of recent global warming, associated with rising greenhouse gas concentrations. Glaciers in Iceland owe their existence to a maritime climate and they are located in mountainous areas where precipitation is highest. Especially these glaciers are sensitive to climate change and respond rapidly by advancing or retreating. The Vatnajökull has decreased by about 3% in volume in the last 10 years. One of the side effects is the continuous decreasing amount of counter-pressure. As the amount of weight on the Earth’s crust changes, geological stresses inside the crust will also change, the crust will bounce up again, increasing the likelihood of eruptions. But it’s not just unloading the crust that triggers volcanic activity.
Another element, the loading part, is the effect that rising sea levels – also a consequence of melting ice caps – will have on volcanoes. Scientists expect that we are going to see a massive increase in volcanic activity globally, with distinctive climate effects. The eruptions of the Eyjafjallajökull in 2010 and the Bardarbunga last year, were the first impressive forerunners. |
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Date | |||
Source | Own work | ||
Author | Highway1958 | ||
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This image was uploaded as part of European Science Photo Competition 2015. |
This image has been assessed using the Quality image guidelines and is considered a Quality image.
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 15:18, 30 November 2015 | 2,500 × 1,667 (3.66 MB) | Highway1958 (talk | contribs) | User created page with UploadWizard |
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File usage on Commons
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- Commons:European Science Photo Competition 2015/Winners
- Commons:European Science Photo Competition 2015/finalists/General category
- Commons:Quality images/Subject/Places/Natural structures/Panorama/Archive 2016
- Commons:Quality images candidates/Archives May 08 2016
- File:Heinabersjökull.jpg (file redirect)
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Metadata
This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
Camera manufacturer | Canon |
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Camera model | Canon EOS 5D Mark III |
Exposure time | 1/15 sec (0.066666666666667) |
F-number | f/19 |
ISO speed rating | 100 |
Date and time of data generation | 12:55, 16 March 2015 |
Lens focal length | 97 mm |
Pixel composition | RGB |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 300 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 300 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Lightroom 4.1 (Macintosh) |
File change date and time | 23:11, 30 March 2015 |
Exposure Program | Aperture priority |
Exif version | 2.3 |
Date and time of digitizing | 12:55, 16 March 2015 |
APEX shutter speed | 3.9068911099421 |
APEX aperture | 8.4958553127355 |
APEX exposure bias | 1.5 |
Maximum land aperture | 4 APEX (f/4) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
DateTimeOriginal subseconds | 42 |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 42 |
Color space | sRGB |
Focal plane X resolution | 160 |
Focal plane Y resolution | 160 |
Focal plane resolution unit | 4 |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Manual white balance |
Scene capture type | Standard |
IIM version | 2 |