File:History of Inventions USNM 04 Torch and Candle.png
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English: No. 1. Folded palm leaf used as a torch. East Indies.
No. 2. Stormy petrel, burned in the Orkney Islands for light 178,160 No. 3. Candle fish in a split stick, burned for light. Alaska 178,161 No. 4. Torch made of birch bark. Iroquois Indians 178,162 No. 5. Torch made of splint fat-pine knots. Virginia 129,997 No. 6. Torch made of a bundle of slivers of fat pine. Southern Indians- 178,163 No. 7. Torch made of damar gum wrapped in palm leaves. Malays 76,727 No. 8. Torch or " link " made by soaking rope in resin. ^ Europe in the Middle Ages 178,164 No. 9. Torch composed of cords soaked in fat or wax. Europe, sixteenth century 178,165 Nos. 10 and 11. Cord soaked in fat or wax, coiled, for lighting. England, 178,166 No. 12. Rush soaked in grease, forming a primitive candle. England- 178,167 No. 13. Stick smeared with grease for lighting. Mongolia 178,168 No. 14. Mass of fat formed upon a stick, around which is wound a wick of fiber. Kashmir, India 175,141 No. 15. Tallow dip with rush wick, later cotton. Northern Europe. No. 16. Candles formed of wax ; wick of fiber. Japan and North Africa. 128,246, 178,169 No. 17. Molded candles. Patent candles of stearine, paraffine, and wax, and decorated candles. Nineteenth century 178,171 |
| Date | |
| Source | Walter Hough (1922). Synoptic series of objects in the United States National Museum illustrating the history of inventions. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 60 (2404). 1-47, 56 pl. |
| Author | United States National Museum (Smithsonian Institution), Washington D.C. |
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