File:Istanbul, Basilica Cistern.jpg
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DescriptionIstanbul, Basilica Cistern.jpg |
English: The Basilica Cistern (Turkish: Yerebatan Sarayı - "Sunken Palace", or Yerebatan Sarnıcı - "Sunken Cistern"), is the largest of several hundred ancient cisterns that lie beneath the city of Istanbul (formerly Constantinople), Turkey. The cistern, located 500 feet (150 m) southwest of the Hagia Sophia on the historical peninsula of Sarayburnu, was built in the 6th century during the reign of Byzantine Emperor Justinian I.
History The name of this subterranean structure derives from a large public square on the First Hill of Constantinople, the Stoa Basilica, beneath which it was originally constructed. Before being converted to a cistern, a great Basilica stood in its place, built between the 3rd and 4th centuries during the Early Roman Age as a commercial, legal and artistic centre. The basilica was reconstructed by Ilius after a fire in 476. Ancient texts indicated that the basilica contained gardens, surrounded by a colonnade and facing the Church of Hagia Sophia According to ancient historians, Emperor Constantine built a structure that was later rebuilt and enlarged by Emperor Justinian after the Nika riots of 532, which devastated the city. Historical texts claim that 7,000 slaves were involved in the construction of the cistern. The enlarged cistern provided a water filtration system for the Great Palace of Constantinople and other buildings on the First Hill, and continued to provide water to the Topkapı Palace after the Ottoman conquest in 1453 and into modern times. In media The cistern was used as a location for the 1963 James Bond film From Russia with Love. In the film, it is referred to as being constructed by the Emperor Constantine, with no reference to Justinian. Its location is a considerable distance from the Soviet (now Russian) consulate, which is located in Beyoğlu, the "newer" European section of Istanbul, on the other side of the Golden Horn. The finale of the 2009 film The International takes place in a fantasy amalgam of the Old City, depicting the Basilica Cistern as lying beneath the Sultan Ahmed Mosque, which, in the film, is directly adjacent to the Süleymaniye Mosque. In the 2011 video game, Assassin's Creed: Revelations, the player controlled character, Ezio Auditore, is given the chance to explore a section of this cistern in a memory sequence entitled The Yerebatan Cistern. Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - version 09Mar2012 See also in my flickr albums: Sultan Ahmed Mosque (Blue Mosque of Istanbul) Hagia Sophia, the Rüstem Pasha Mosque Camera infos:
Camera: Nikon D7000 |
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Date | |||
Source | Flickr: Istanbul, Basilica Cistern | ||
Author | Stephane Gaudry | ||
Permission (Reusing this file) |
This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic license.
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 09:42, 30 April 2013 | 4,956 × 3,292 (4.9 MB) | Flickr upload bot (talk | contribs) | Uploaded from http://flickr.com/photo/65854785@N08/6821128226 using Flickr upload bot |
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Camera manufacturer | NIKON CORPORATION |
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Camera model | NIKON D7000 |
Exposure time | 4/1 sec (4) |
F-number | f/8 |
ISO speed rating | 400 |
Date and time of data generation | 15:53, 20 February 2012 |
Lens focal length | 17 mm |
Author | Utilisateur de l'appareil photo numérique Nikon, Stéphane GAUDRY |
Copyright holder |
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Usage terms |
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Width | 4,928 px |
Height | 3,264 px |
Bits per component |
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Compression scheme | Uncompressed |
Pixel composition | RGB |
Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 300 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 300 dpi |
Data arrangement | chunky format |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop CS5 Windows |
File change date and time | 20:13, 22 October 2012 |
White point chromaticity |
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Pair of black and white reference values |
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Exposure Program | Aperture priority |
Exif version | 2.3 |
Date and time of digitizing | 15:53, 20 February 2012 |
APEX exposure bias | −2 |
Maximum land aperture | 3 APEX (f/2.83) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
DateTime subseconds | 90 |
DateTimeOriginal subseconds | 90 |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 90 |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | Uncalibrated |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 25 mm |
Scene capture type | Landscape |
Scene control | Low gain up |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |
Subject distance range | Unknown |
GPS tag version | 0.0.3.2 |
Date metadata was last modified | 22:13, 22 October 2012 |
Unique ID of original document | xmp.did:C9E24443086AE111A10DA2AB7C8AD9EA |
IIM version | 31,895 |