File:Pyrrhotite-sphalerite (Trepca Complex, Kosovo) 2 (18696947118).jpg
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editDescriptionPyrrhotite-sphalerite (Trepca Complex, Kosovo) 2 (18696947118).jpg |
Pyrrhotite-sphalerite from the Trepca Complex of Kosovo in southeastern Europe. (Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA) Brassy-gold = pyrrhotite Black = sphalerite (ZnS - zinc sulfide) A mineral is a naturally-occurring, solid, inorganic, crystalline substance having a fairly definite chemical composition and having fairly definite physical properties. At its simplest, a mineral is a naturally-occurring solid chemical. Currently, there are over 4900 named and described minerals - about 200 of them are common and about 20 of them are very common. Mineral classification is based on anion chemistry. Major categories of minerals are: elements, sulfides, oxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, and silicates. The sulfide minerals contain one or more sulfide anions (S-2). The sulfides are usually considered together with the arsenide minerals, the sulfarsenide minerals, and the telluride minerals. Many sulfides are economically significant, as they occur commonly in ores. The metals that combine with S-2 are mainly Fe, Cu, Ni, Ag, etc. Most sulfides have a metallic luster, are moderately soft, and are noticeably heavy for their size. These minerals will not form in the presence of free oxygen. Under an oxygen-rich atmosphere, sulfide minerals tend to chemically weather to various oxide and hydroxide minerals. Pyrrhotite is imperfect iron monosulfide (Fe(1-x)S). The atomic structure of pyrrhotite has holes due to an insufficient number of iron atoms, cf. sulfur atoms. Iron monosulfide is a common, but minor, component of many meteorites, but it lacks the atomic-scale “holes” of pyrrhotite, and is called troilite (FeS). Pyrrhotite is superficially like pyrite in appearance and chemistry, but they are different minerals. Pyrrhotite has a metallic luster, a brownish-brassy or bronzish color, a black streak, no cleavage, and is magnetic. What’s particularly distinctive about pyrrhotite is that it is variably magnetic. The holes in the atomic structure gives pyrrhotite its magnetism. But, there's variation in the number of missing iron atoms from sample to sample, so pyrrhotite ends up having variable magnetism. More holes results in stronger magnetism. Few holes results in weaker magnetism. Photo gallery of pyrrhotite: www.mindat.org/gallery.php?min=3328 |
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Source | Pyrrhotite-sphalerite (Trepca Complex, Kosovo) 2 |
Author | James St. John |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by jsj1771 at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/18696947118. It was reviewed on 27 July 2015 by FlickreviewR and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
27 July 2015
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Date and time of data generation | 13:30, 5 May 2012 |
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Horizontal resolution | 180 dpi |
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File change date and time | 04:23, 17 June 2015 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 13:30, 5 May 2012 |
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APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 4.59375 APEX (f/4.91) |
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Date metadata was last modified | 00:23, 17 June 2015 |
Unique ID of original document | 1F12C6AAD2E1949A3E1FB32FB682A669 |