Platanthera

Vernacular names [edit wikidata 'Platanthera']

English: Fringed orchids
العربية: بلتنتيرا
مصرى: بلتنتيرا
azərbaycanca: Ləçəkotu
беларуская: чараўнік
български: Платантера
čeština: Vemeník
dansk: Gøgelilje
Deutsch: Waldhyazinthen
eesti: Käokeel
فارسی: سنبل جنگلی
suomi: Lehdokit
hrvatski: Dvolist
hornjoserbsce: Kokulinda
日本語: ツレサギソウ属
қазақша: Жұпаршөп
перем коми: Платантера
коми: Платантера
lietuvių: Blandis
latviešu: naktsvijoļu ģints
македонски: вименка
кырык мары: Платантера
norsk bokmål: Nattfiolslekta
Nederlands: Nachtorchis
norsk nynorsk: Nattfiolslekta
polski: Podkolan
русский: Любка
slovenčina: vemeník
svenska: Nattviolssläktet
Türkçe: Sümbülsalebi
удмурт: Платантера
українська: Любка
中文: 舌唇兰属
中文（中国大陆）: 舌唇兰属
中文（简体）: 舌唇兰属
中文（繁體）: 舌唇蘭屬
中文（香港）: 舌唇蘭屬
中文（新加坡）: 舌唇兰属
中文（臺灣）: 舌唇蘭屬

APG IV Classification: Domain: Eukaryota • (unranked): Archaeplastida • Regnum: Plantae • Cladus: Angiosperms • Cladus: monocots • Ordo: Asparagales • Familia: Orchidaceae • Subfamilia: Orchidoideae • Tribus: Orchideae • Subtribus: Orchidinae • Genus: Platanthera Rich. (1817)

Genus Platanthera Rich. (1817)

Synonyms

Heterotypic synonyms
- Lysias Salisb., Trans. Hort. Soc. London 1: 288 (1812)
- Sieberia Spreng., Anleit. Kenntn. Gew., ed. 2, 2(1): 282 (1817)
- Mecosa Blume, Bijdr.: 403 (1825)
- Diplanthera Raf., Herb. Raf.: 73 (1833)
- Tulotis Raf., Herb. Raf.: 70 (1833)
- Perularia Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 20: t. 1701 (1835)
- Blephariglottis Raf., Fl. Tellur. 2: 38 (1837)
- Conopsidium Wallr., Linnaea 14: 147 (1840)
- Diphylax Hook.f., Hooker's Icon. Pl. 19: t. 1865 (1889)
- Limnorchis Rydb., Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 104 (1900)
- Lysiella Rydb., Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 104 (1900)
- Gymnadeniopsis Rydb. in N.L.Britton, Man. Fl. N. States: 293 (1901)
- Piperia Rydb., Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28: 269 (1901)
- Denslovia Rydb., Brittonia 1: 85 (1931)
- Pseudodiphryllum Nevski in V.L.Komarov (ed.), Fl. URSS 4: 752 (1935)
- Smithorchis Tang & F.T.Wang, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. 7: 139 (1936).
- Fimbriella Farw. ex Butzin, Willdenowia 11: 323 (1981)
- × Platanthopsis P.M.Br., N. Amer. Native Orchid J. 8: 37 (2002)
- × Blepharopsis Efimov, Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 40: 48 (2008 publ. 2009)

140 Species

Included species (for Kew Gardens 'World Checklist', 20 September 2019):

P. albomarginata, P. algeriensis, P. amabilis, P. anatina, P. angustata, P. angustilabris, P. aquilonis, P. australis, P. azorica, P. bakeriana, P. bhutanica, P. bifolia, P. blephariglottis, P. blumei, P. boninensis, P. borneensis, P. brevicalcarata, P. brevifolia, P. calceoliformis, P. calderoniae, P. carnosilabris, P. chapmanii, P. chlorantha, P. chorisiana, P. ciliaris, P. clavellata, P. colemanii, P. concinna, P. contigua, P. convallariifolia, P. cooperi, P. cristata, P. deflexilabella, P. densa, P. devolii, P. dilatata, P. dulongensis, P. elegans, P. elliptica, P. elmeri, P. elongata, P. ephemerantha, P. epiphytica, P. finetiana, P. flava, P. florentii, P. formosana, P. fujianensis, P. fuscescens, P. gonggana, P. grandiflora, P. guangdongensis, P. hachijoensis, P. halconensis, P. handel-mazzettii, P. hologlottis, P. hondoensis, P. hookeri, P. huronensis, P. hyperborea, P. iinumae, P. integra, P. integrilabia, P. japonica, P. kinabaluensis, P. klossii, P. komarovii, P. kwangsiensis, P. lacera, P. leptocaulon, P. leptopetala, P. leucophaea, P. linearifolia, P. longibracteata, P. longicalcarata, P. longifolia, P. mandarinorum, P. maximowicziana, P. mearnsii, P. metabifolia, P. michaelii, P. micrantha, P. miniangustata, P. minor, P. minutiflora, P. muelleri, P. nanlingensis, P. nantousylvatica, P. neglecta, P. nematocaulon, P. nipponica, P. nivea, P. nubigena, P. obtusata, P. okuboi, P. oligantha, P. ophrydioides, P. orbicularis, P. orbiculata, P. oreades, P. oreophila, P. ovatilabris, P. pachycaulon, P. pachyglossa, P. pallida, P. papuana, P. peichatieniana, P. peramoena, P. pollostantha, P. praeclara, P. psycodes, P. purpurascens, P. replicata, P. roseotincta, P. sachalinensis, P. saprophytica, P. shriveri, P. sikkimensis, P. sonoharae, P. sparsiflora, P. stapfii, P. stenantha, P. stenochila, P. stenoglossa, P. stricta, P. superantha, P. taiwanensis, P. takedae, P. tescamnis, P. tipuloides, P. transversa, P. unalascensis, P. undulata, P. uniformis, P. urceolata, P. ussuriensis, P. whangshanensis, P. yadongensis, P. yadonii, P. yosemitensis, P. zijinensis, P. zothecina

Included species (for Tropicos, 20 September 2019):

P. acuifera, P. acuminata, P. acuta, P. affinis, P. albida, P. albomarginata, P. algeriensis, P. alpinipaludosa, P. altigena, P. amabilis, P. amamiana, P. amesiana, P. anboensis, P. andrewsii, P. angolensis, P. angustata, P. angustifolia, P. angustilabris, P. aphylla, P. aquilonis, P. arachnoidea, P. arcuata, P. arfakensis, P. azorica, P. bakeriana, P. behringiana, P. bhutanica, P. biermanniana, P. bifolia, P. bigelovii, P. blephariglottis, P. blumii, P. boninensis, P. borealis, P. borneensis, P. brachycorythis, P. brachyglossa, P. brachyphylla, P. bracteata, P. brevicalcarata, P. brevifolia, P. buchananii, P. bulbinella, P. calderoniae, P. camtschatica, P. candida, P. carducciana, P. championi, P. chapmanii, P. chiloglossa, P. chingshuishania, P. chlorantha, P. chloranthella, P. chorisiana, P. ciliaris, P. citrina, P. clavellata, P. clavigera, P. colemanii, P. commelinifolia, P. conopsea, P. conspicua, P. constricta, P. contigua, P. convallariifolia, P. cooperi, P. cordifolia, P. cornubovis, P. crassinervia, P. crispa, P. cristata, P. cubitalis, P. cumminsiana, P. curvata, P. cylindrica, P. damingshanica, P. decipiens, P. deflexilabella, P. delavayi, P. densa, P. dentata, P. devolii, P. dielsiana, P. dilatata, P. diphylla, P. ditmariana, P. dolichorrhiza, P. dyerana, P. dyeriana, P. edgeworthii, P. elachyantha, P. elegans, P. elliptica, P. elmeri, P. elongata, P. engleriana, P. ephemerantha, P. epiphytica, P. exelliana, P. extremiorientalis, P. fallax, P. fargesii, P. fimbriata, P. finetiana, P. fissa, P. flava, P. florentii, P. foetida, P. foliosa, P. freynii, P. friesii, P. fuscescens, P. galeandra, P. garberi, P. geniculata, P. gerrardi, P. ghiesbreghtiana, P. gibbsiae, P. gigantea, P. glaberrima, P. glossophora, P. gracilis, P. graminea, P. grandiflora, P. gratissima, P. guatemalensis, P. hachijoensis, P. halconensis, P. handel-mazzettii, P. hawkesiana, P. helferi, P. helleborina, P. henryi, P. herbiola, P. herminioides, P. heyneana, P. hispidula, P. holmboei, P. holochila, P. hologlottis, P. holopetala, P. hondoensis, P. hookeri, P. horsfieldii, P. huronensis, P. hyperborea, P. iantha, P. iinumae, P. incisa, P. inhambanensis, P. inscripta, P. integra, P. integrilabia, P. interrupta, P. iriomotensis, P. islandica, P. japonica, P. juncea, P. keiskei, P. kinabaluensis, P. koenigii, P. komarovii, P. kuenkelei, P. kwangsiensis, P. lacei, P. lacera, P. lalashaniana, P. lancifolia, P. lancilabris, P. latilabris, P. lefeburiana, P. leptocaulon, P. leptopetala, P. leucophaea, P. leucostachys, P. likiangensis, P. limosa, P. lindleyi, P. linifolia, P. listeroides, P. longebracteata, P. longibracteata, P. longicalcarata, P. longifolia, P. longiglandula, P. lucida, P. lutea, P. macowaniana, P. macrophylla, P. madagascariensis, P. major, P. makinoi, P. mandarinorum, P. mannii, P. manubriata, P. marginata, P. matsudai, P. matsumurana, P. maximowicziana, P. mearnsii, P. media, P. menziesii, P. metabifolia, P. michaelii, P. michauxii, P. micrantha, P. minax, P. minor, P. minutiflora, P. monorrhiza, P. montana, P. multibracteata, P. nankotaizanensis, P. natalensis, P. neglecta, P. nematocaulon, P. neottioides, P. neuropetala, P. nipponica, P. nivea, P. nubigena, P. obcordata, P. obtusata, P. okuboi, P. oligantha, P. omeiensis, P. ophiocephala, P. ophrydioides, P. opsimantha, P. orbiculata, P. oreades, P. oreophila, P. ovata, P. pachycaulon, P. pachyglossa, P. pallida, P. papuana, P. parvula, P. peichiatieniana, P. peramoena, P. pervia, P. petitiana, P. platantheroides, P. platycorys, P. pleistophylla, P. praeclara, P. praeustipetala, P. preussii, P. pricei, P. propinqua, P. psycodes, P. pugionifera, P. purpurascens, P. quartiniana, P. quercicola, P. radiata, P. reinii, P. repens, P. replicata, P. rhodostachys, P. rhynchocarpa, P. robinsonii, P. robusta, P. roseotincta, P. rostrata, P. rotundifolia, P. rumphii, P. saccata, P. sachalinensis, P. saprophytica, P. satyrioides, P. satyroides, P. schischmareffiana, P. schuriana, P. setchuenica, P. shensiana, P. shiveri, P. sigeyosii, P. sigmoidea, P. sikkimensis, P. silaensis, P. sinica, P. solstitialis, P. sonoharai, P. sororia, P. souliei, P. sparsiflora, P. stapfii, P. stenantha, P. stenoglossa, P. stenophylla, P. stenosepala, P. stenostachya, P. stricta, P. subalpina, P. subulifera, P. sumatrana, P. susannae, P. taiwanensis, P. takedai, P. tenuior, P. tescamnis, P. tipuloides, P. transnokoensis, P. transversa, P. tricruris, P. tridentata, P. triflora, P. truncatolabellata, P. unalascensis, P. unalaschcensis, P. unalaschkensis, P. uncata, P. undulata, P. uniflora, P. uniformis, P. ussuriensis, P. uzenensis, P. virescens, P. virginea, P. viricimaculata, P. viridis, P. volkensiana, P. vulcanica, P. wankelii, P. winkleriana, P. yadonii, P. yakumontana, P. yangmeiensis, P. yatabei, P. yosemitensis, P. zeyheri, P. zothecina
Note: list containing potentially synonyms

Type species Platanthera bifolia (L.) Rich. (1817)

Top · a · b · c · d · e · f · g · h · i · j · k · l · m · n · o · p · q · r · s · t · u · v · w · x · y · z

a

b

Platanthera bifolia
Type species
Platanthera blephariglottis
Platanthera blumei
fig. 11
Platanthera brevifolia

c

d

Platanthera densa
Platanthera dilatata

e

f

g

Platanthera grandiflora

h

i

Platanthera integra
Platanthera integrilabia

l

Platanthera lacera
Platanthera leptopetala
Platanthera leucophaea
Platanthera leucostachys
Platanthera longibracteata
fig. 2-2a

m

n

Platanthera nipponica
Platanthera nivea

o

p

s

t

u

y

Platanthera yadonii
Platanthera yosemitensis

z

Platanthera zothecina

17 Nothospecies

Included nothospecies (for Kew Gardens 'World Checklist', 20 September 2019):
P. × andrewsii, P. × apalachicola, P. × beckneri, P. × bicolor, P. × canbyi, P. × channellii, P. × correllii, P. × enigma, P. × hollandiae, P. × hybrida, P. × inouei, P. × lueri, P. × mixta, P. × ophryotipuloides, P. × osceola, P. × reznicekii, P. × vossii

Included nothospecies (for Tropicos, 20 September 2019):
P. × andrewsii, P. × apalachicola, P. × beckneri, P. × bicolor, P. × canbyi, P. × channellii, P. × correllii, P. × erdingeri, P. × estesii, P. × graebneri, P. × hollandiae, P. × hybrida, P. × lassenii, P. × lueri, P. × media, P. × mixta, P. × okubo-hachijoensis, P. × ophryo-tipuloides, P. × osceola, P. × reznicekii, P. × vossii Note: list containing potentially synonyms

Platanthera cultivars

Platanthera × keenanii

Native distribution areas

Reference: Brummitt, R.K. (2001) TDGW - World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2^nd Edition

Europe
- Northern Europe
  - Denmark, Finland, Føroyar, Great Britain, Iceland, Ireland, Norway, Sweden.
- Middle Europe
  - Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland.
- Southwestern Europe
  - Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain.
- Southeastern Europe
  - Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Romania, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia.
- Eastern Europe
  - Belarus, Baltic States, Krym, Central European Russia, East European Russia, North European Russia, South European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Ukraine.
Africa
- Northern Africa
  - Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia.
- Macaronesia
  - Azores.
Asia-Temperate
- Siberia
  - Altay, Buryatiya, Chita, Irkutsk Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, West Siberia, Yakutiya.
- Russian Far East
  - Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Islands, Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin.
- Middle Asia
  - Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan.
- Caucasus
  - North Caucasus, Transcaucasus.
- Western Asia
  - Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, Palestine, Turkey.
- China
  - China South-Central, Hainan, Inner Mongolia, Manchuria, China North-Central, Qinghai, China Southeast, Tibet, Xinjiang.
- Mongolia
  - Mongolia.
- Eastern Asia
  - Japan, Korea, Nansei-shoto, Ogasawara-shoto, Taiwan.
Asia-Tropical
- Indian Subcontinent
  - Assam, East Himalaya, Nepal, West Himalaya.
- Indo-China
  - Cambodia (doubtful), Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam.
- Malesia
  - Borneo, Jawa, Malaya, Maluku, Philippines, Sumatera.
- Papuasia
  - Bismarck Archipelago, New Guinea.
Northern America
- Subarctic America
  - Altay, Aleutian Islands, Alaska, Greenland, Nunavut, Northwest Territories, Yukon.
- Western Canada
  - Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Saskatchewan.
- Eastern Canada
  - Labrador, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Isle, Québec.
- Northwestern U.S.A.
  - Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming.
- North-Central U.S.A.
  - Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin.
- Northeastern U.S.A.
  - Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Islands, Vermont, West Virginia.
- Southwestern U.S.A.
  - Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah.
- South-Central U.S.A.'
  - New Mexico, Texas.
- Southeastern U.S.A.
  - Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, District of Columbia.
- Mexico
  - Mexico Central, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southwest.
Southern America
- Central America
  - Costa Rica.
- Caribbean
  - Cuba.

Selected Weblinks

Wikispecies has an entry on: Platanthera.