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Atomic Bombs edit
Nuclear Fission edit
In the winter of 1938 a lonely Lise Meitner was corresponding with her team of Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassmann trying to stay in touch with nuclear physics. Hahn was reaching out to Meitner to get her opinions on several experiments that he and Strassmann were doing at the time. It was Meitner who led Hahn and Strassmann to the discovery of barium, that finally proceeded to the discovery of nuclear fission. Without Meitner's insight's Hahn and Strassmann might never have gotten fission.
On December 2, 1942 Enrico Fermi with the help of 49 other scientists produced the first self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction. This took place in Chicago using graphite piles. It was called Chicago Pile 1, or CP-1.
Watch this NUCLEAR FISSION video
The Manhattan Project edit
Watch this History in Five Video about THE MANHATTAN PROJECT
The Manhattan Project originally began its research in Manhattan at Columbia University. Other research was being done at such colleges and universities as the University of Chicago and the University of California at Berkley. Eventually the project advanced when Einstein intervened and wrote a letter to the President. More sites were needed, the other sites were: Oak Ridge, Tennessee, Hanford, Washington, Los Alamos, New Mexico, and Argonne. These sites were chosen because they were not heavily populated and they were in remote locations. Los Alamos was the main site of the four. Robert Oppenheimer was in charge of Los Alamos.
Why They Call It the Manhattan Project- NYTimes.com article
General Leslie Groves was in charge of the project. He prided himself on keeping the entire thing secret. Code names were used. Telephone use limited or denied. Family members were not allowed to visit the sites. Secrecy was the key to making the Manhattan Project a success. Another key was the fact that production of both a plutonium bomb and a uranium bomb were happening at the same time. Little Boy was the uranium bomb that was dropped on Hiroshima. The effects of the atomic bomb spread for almost 4 miles on the ground. Three days later Fat Man was dropped on Nagasaki. Fat Man was a plutonium implosion bomb.
References edit
Videos edit
E. (2012, December 18). Nuclear Fission. Retrieved May 4, 2015, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mBdVK4cqiFs
History in Five: The Manhattan Project's Secret Cities. (2014, March 25). Retrieved June 2, 2015, from http://www.youtube.com
History.com. (2010). Retrieved June 3, 2015, from http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/trinity-test
Argonne nuclear pioneers Chicago Pile 1. (2012, July 9). Retrieved June 4, 2015, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0tKf7R2XncM
Photos edit
(2006, May 8). Retrieved May 4, 2015, from https://www.flickr.com/photos/brewbooks/176055587/in/photolist-puRNNH-gykca-8gsVjm-7z13iA-7z13pW-7yWfXP-gykod-gykiu-gykfL-aadLRf-bpN3Wk-pfXcGF-ciby3U/
(2010, January 28). Retrieved May 31, 2015, from https://www.flickr.com/photos/iaea_imagebank/4311592724/in/photolist-7WF6s8-puRNNH-gykca-8gsVjm-bpoTQL-gykiu-2A7QAS-mUHsRW-ngAfn2-gykod-gykfL-aadLRf-pfXcGF-ciby3U-bpN3Wk-7z13iA-7z13pW-7yWfXP-2AZbJK-KSZBi-aPzq4r-6PCamD-9XNyhA-9LTaZB-3P2LBJ/
Articles edit
Broad, W. (2007, October 7). Why The Call It the Manhattan Project. Retrieved June 2, 2015, from http://www.nytimes.com/
How-To Help and Videos - For Dummies. (n.d.). Retrieved June 2, 2015, from http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/the-basics-of-nuclear-fission.html