File:AXE HAMMER (FindID 986988-1086976).jpg
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Captions
Captions
Summary
editAXE HAMMER | |||
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Photographer |
Norfolk County Council, Jason Gibbons, 2020-01-07 15:56:56 |
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Title |
AXE HAMMER |
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Description |
English: Very large stone axe-hammer, of petrological group XVIII, this stone is Quartz Dolerite, this stone is found generally within the Whinn Sill of northern England with outcrops from south of Berwick upon Tweed down to Middleton and round to Durham. The implements made of this stone seem to have been traded south and inland (see CBA research report NO. 67, Stone Axe Studies Vol.2, Clough and Cummins (1988), page 280, map 16 for distribution of implements of this group). It is grey/green fine-grained stone now patinated a light brown to the original surfaces, the recent damage appears fresher in colour, presumably from agricultural implements scraping the surface. The cutting edge is damaged, these appear to be older and are darker in colour. The butt end has been battered in antiquity, probably from use as a heavy hammer, this would have been a useful implement for driving in posts and other such tasks, the cutting edge may have been used to initiate splits in green wood to form planks, the sheer weight of this axe makes it unlikely to have been used as an effective weapon. The perforation is hour-glass shaped from being drilled from both directions, meeting in the middle, The diameter at the the surface of each side is circa. 46 mm, narrowing to 33 mm at the centre, a slight hollow extends from the front of the hole tapering to flat just before the top and the bottom of the cutting edge. All surfaces slightly rough to the touch, it is uncertain if this due to being “pecked” to shape with a hammer stone or natural surface loss during deposition. n.b. Most implements made of this type of stone appear to ground to shape rather than pecked. Whilst this implement has travelled/traded far from its source outcrop, remember that flint axes and other items made at Grimes Graves (Norfolk) were also traded all over the country during this period and earlier, not to mention Neolithic Jadeite axes made in the Italian alps found in the UK and Europe. Early Bronze Age, 1,650 to 1,250 BC (see CBA research report NO. 23, Stone Axe Studies, Clough and Cummins (1979), page 14 for chronology of stone axe/hammers). |
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Depicted place | (County of findspot) Norfolk | ||
Date | between 1650 BC and 1250 BC | ||
Accession number |
FindIdentifier: 986988 |
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Credit line |
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Source |
https://finds.org.uk/database/ajax/download/id/1086976 Catalog: https://finds.org.uk/database/images/image/id/1086976/recordtype/artefacts archive copy at the Wayback Machine |
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Permission (Reusing this file) |
Attribution License | ||
Other versions | FindID 986988 has multiple images: 1086970 1086972 1086973 1086974 1086975 1086976 1086977 1086980 search |
Licensing
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File history
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 09:58, 15 November 2020 | ![]() | 2,239 × 2,268 (1.01 MB) | Fæ (talk | contribs) | Portable Antiquities Scheme, NMS, FindID: 986988-1086976, bronze age, page 841, batch count 3563 |
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Metadata
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Camera manufacturer | FUJIFILM |
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Camera model | FinePix S2980 |
Exposure time | 1/105 sec (0.0095238095238095) |
F-number | f/8 |
ISO speed rating | 64 |
Date and time of data generation | 07:23, 13 October 2006 |
Lens focal length | 8.9 mm |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 72 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 72 dpi |
Software used | Windows Photo Editor 10.0.10011.16384 |
File change date and time | 15:47, 7 January 2020 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exposure Program | Landscape mode (for landscape photos with the background in focus) |
Exif version | 2.3 |
Date and time of digitizing | 07:23, 13 October 2006 |
Meaning of each component |
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Image compression mode | 2 |
APEX shutter speed | 6.7 |
APEX aperture | 6 |
APEX brightness | 8.35 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 3.26 APEX (f/3.1) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Focal plane X resolution | 6,992 |
Focal plane Y resolution | 6,992 |
Focal plane resolution unit | 3 |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Scene capture type | Landscape |
Sharpness | Normal |
Subject distance range | Unknown |