Identifier: historyofarchit02cumm (find matches)
Title: A history of architecture in Italy from the time of Constantine to the dawn of the renaissance
Year: 1901 (1900s)
Authors: Cummings, Charles Amos, 1833-1905
Subjects: Architecture
Publisher: Boston, New York, Houghton Mifflin and company
Contributing Library: PIMS - University of Toronto
Digitizing Sponsor: University of Toronto

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is entered from the cloister, a square pavilion projectsfrom the arcade, with two open round arches on each of the sidesexcept that which makes a part of the arcade. In the centre of thepavilion was the fountain and basin for the ablutions of the monksas they left the refectory. This was one of the most characteristicfeatures of the cloister, though its more usual position was in one ofthe angles of the inner square. The refectory is flanked on one sideby the kitchen, and on the other by the calefactoriura, or warming-room, — the only room in the monastery except the kitchen where a.fire was allowed. Outside the central block of buildings were various supplementarystructures of greater or less importance in the daily life of themonastery. Of these the most conspicuous was the infirmary orhospital, a great hall not unlike the refectory, measuring about onehundred and fifty feet in length and forty in breadth ; divided intoten bays by simple transverse pointed arches which spring from
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Fig. 332. Fossanova. Interior of Chapter-house. 146 ARCHITECTURE IN ITALY consoles in the wall, and which carried the wooden roof. The rubblemasonry which filled the spaces between these arches and the roofhas fallen away, but these fine, thin arches still stand in perfect con-dition, an interesting witness of the care and solidity with whichthey were built. (Fig. 333.) Their thrust is met by buttressesprojecting from the side walls. The hall was lighted by largepointed windows, one in each bay, set high in the walls, and bysmaller windows in the gables. An important adjunct of the mediaeval monastery was the hospi-tium, or guest-house, where strangers and pilgrims were entertained.At Fossanova two buildings on opposite sides of the central groupwere devoted to this purpose. The one nearer the entrance gate is along building of two stories, the lower furnished with an open vaultedarcade along its whole length. The other building, on the east sideof the enclosure, consists of two separ

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