Identifier: treatiseonner00sach (find matches)
Title: A treatise on the nervous diseases of children, for physicians and students
Year: 1905 (1900s)
Authors: Sachs, Bernard, 1858-1944
Subjects: Nervous system Children
Publisher: New York, W. Wood and company
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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io-encephalitis Superior.—A disease due to the inflammationof the gray matter of the floor of the fourth ventricle and of the aqueduct ofSylvius, had been described by Wernicke, Thomsen. and others. This dis-ease has been observed in the adult, and is remarkably frequent in persons 418 THE NERVOUS DISEASES OF CHILDREN. presenting the symptoms of chronic alcoholism. This special form wouldnaturally be a rarity in children ; the symptoms are, however, not unlike thatform of encephalitis which has been described in connection with influenza.It is of particular interest, also, because a similar condition is at times asso-ciated with polio-myelitis. We have often referred to the close relation be-tween the gray matter in the spinal cord and the gray matter which harborsthe nuclei of the cranial nerves. We can readily understand why the samemorbid process should at times affect the cerebral, and at other times thespinal portion of this central gray matter. According to the distribution of
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Fig. 103.—Case of Unilateral Nuclear Palsy. (Wiener.) Hypoglossal nucleus, leftside. Photomicrograph from a section stained after Pal, showing .some degeneratedganglion cells. the inflammation in the region of the ocular nerve nuclei, or in the vicinity ofthe nuclei of the tenth and twelfth nerves, we distinguish between polio-encephalitis superior and inferior. The disease in which ocular nerve symp-toms (ophthalmoplegia, partial or complete) have been associated with polio-myelitis, is termed polio-encephalomyelitis. This form has been describedby Rosenthal, Seeligmiiller, Guinon, myself, and others. But these diseasesare, on the whole, extremely rare, and do not, as a rule, begin until childhoodis past. The cases also take a more or less subacute course. Bulbar Palsies.*—Diseases of the pons and medulla are very rare inchildren; but the above discussion of nuclear diseases leads to the mention The author had some hesitation in discussing these diseases in this chapter ; butthey

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