Identifier: anatomydescripti1887gray (find matches)
Title: Anatomy, descriptive and surgical
Year: 1887 (1880s)
Authors: Gray, Henry, 1825-1861 Pick, T. Pickering (Thomas Pickering), 1841-1919, ed Keen, William W. (William Williams), b. 1837
Subjects: Human anatomy Anatomy
Publisher: Philadelphia : Lea brothers & co.
Contributing Library: Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine
Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons and Harvard Medical School

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ward beneath theacromion process. The circumference of the articular facet is rough, especiallyabove, for the attachment of the acromio-clavicular ligaments. Peculiarities of the Bone in the Sexes and in Individuals.—In the female theclavicle is generally less curved, smoother, and more slender than in the male. Itis also somewhat shorter. In those persons who perform considerable manual labor,which brings into constant action the muscles connected with this bone, it acquires 232 THE SKELETON. considerable bulk, becomes thicker, more curved, its ridges for muscular attach-ment become prominently marked, and its sternal end of a prismatic form. Theright clavicle is generally heavier, thicker, and rougher, and often shorter, thanthe left. Structure.—The shaft, as well as the extremities, consists of cancellous tissue,invested in a compact layer much thicker in the middle than at either end. Theclavicle is highly elastic, by reason of its curves. From the experiments of Mr. Fig. 201.
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Left Scapula, anterior surface, or venter. Ward it has been shown that it possesses sufficient longitudinal elastic force to pro-ject its own weight nearly two feet on a level surface when a smart blow is struckon it, and sufficient transverse elastic force, opposite the centre of its anterior con-vexity, to throw its own weight about a foot. This extent of elastic power mustserve to moderate very considerably the effect of concussions received upon thepoint of the shoulder. Development.—By two centres: one for the shaft, and one for the sternal THE SCAPULA. 233 extremity. The centre for the shaft appears very early, before any other bone;according to Beclard, as early as the thirtieth day. The centre for the sternal endmakes its appearance about the eighteenth or twentieth year, and unites with therest of the bone about the twenty-fifth year. Articulations.—With the sternum, scapula, and cartilage of the first rib. Attachment of Muscles.—To seven: the Sterno-cleido-mastoid, Tra

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