Identifier: diseasesofchi00mcco (find matches)
Title: Diseases of children
Year: 1916 (1910s)
Authors: McCombs, Robert Shelmerdine, 1880- (from old catalog)
Subjects: Children Pediatric nurses
Publisher: Phialdelphia and London, W. B. Saunders company
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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ine. The tubes run from the capsules andafter pursuing a very tortuous course they empty at theapex of one of the Malpighian pyramids. It is in thesetubules that the urinary products are formed. They areemptied from the mouths of the uriniferous tubules, at theapices of these pyramids, into the pelvis of the kidneys,and from here the urine passes through the ureters intothe bladder and is voided through the urethra. From these tortuous uriniferous tubules the tube-castsare formed. They are cylindric in shape and usuallycomposed of the Hning epithelium in various stages of 231 232 DISEASES OF CHILDREN FOR NURSES degeneration. Their formation is something on thisorder: The lining epithehum of these tubes is the fikeiwhich extracts the uriniferous products from the blood.As long as this epithelial lining is intact the urine isnormal; when there is congestion or inflammation of thekidneys the tubules shed this lining membrane. Thisappears in the urine as casts, and as the wall between the
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Fig. 67.—a longitudinal section of the kidney, a, Renal artery; c, cortex; m, medulla; M, ureter (Leroy). blood current and the tubules is destroyed there is anoutflow of red blood-corpuscles and albumin. Thisis the condition seen in acute congestion, or acute nephritis,the name for inflammation of the kidneys. In chronicnephritis fatty casts are found. Malformations of the kidneys are not common.Those seen occasionally are horseshoe kidney^ where DISEASES OF THE URINARY TRACT 233 the two are fused, forming one large crescentic kidney;supernumerary ureters; -floating kidney; and single kidney. THE URINE Normal urine is pale, amber colored, of acid reaction,and has a specific gravity of T015 to 1025. Polyuria is the term appHed to an increase in the quan-tity of the urine, and may be a temporary polyuria, suchas is seen in excessive ingestion of fluids, the suppresisonof perspiration, etc. Permanent polyuria may result from such conditions asdiabetes melHtus, diabetes insipidus, chro

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