Title: Eastern fruit
Identifier: easternfruit01phil (find matches)
Year: 1912 (1910s)
Authors:
Subjects: Fruit-culture; Farm life; Country life
Publisher: Philadelphia, Pa. : Eastrn Publishing Co.
Contributing Library: Penn State University
Digitizing Sponsor: Lyrasis Members and Sloan Foundation

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l-'ig. 3âThe Improved Steel Champion Reversible Road Machine. PECANS. A Great Field f,or the Peer of Nuts. Like the Apple is the King of Fruit, so is the Pecan the Peer of Nuts. Be- ing a native fif .American soil, the pe- can should in fact be better known thati it i^ ^' 0) c Cent. Cerit. / ^^4/ff: >^:*: K r. ""^r^. 2.9 S.S 3.T ::.S 4.t 1,« 10. 16. 16 6. 21 Fig. IâType of had road where no attention is given la Oiaintenance, a blot on iiur present day civilization, ad. as it is found in this â .â¢))i\ I'thiT .^t,it(-. inn- .all the way ironi giiod to ti-rribje. .\t its best it is not an ideal highway. At certain .season- "f tlie year, despite the utmost care, it i- jiraetically impossible to keep .1 t'lad made of such material as earth in good con<lition. This fact should not di«-e the first and I'unii.iniintal i>rinciplc in inad makiiiL;. If thf water that falls ..n a highway lilies i),it run off. but works into tlu- roadbed pviper. that riiad is doomed to be a (aihue. W' matter what kind i>f niatcri.-tl may be u-ed in its cnn- stnirtinn. pT'iper pmvision should be made fur taking tare of the water that f.ill- on a ri.ad. In idain language this means tliat tin- mad nm-t be graded tf» that it i- nut ab-olutcly flat at any pi.int; that the -ide ditches must be kcj)t cleaned and free from debris so that the ,\vater will readily flow in them, and'that cuhi rts of some kind mnst be l)uilf and maintained where the water naturally <f -ses the road. -l.s .... 100.(1 whicii arc made in culti- vating the pecan in the Southern 80.f es Per Cent. 70.8 64.4 65.3 .^7.3 54.9 49.2 M O .3 I'er Cent. 14..1 14.8 13.0 31.6 17.3 16.2 to < I'er Cent. 1.7 1.3 2.4 1.3 2.0 2.5 A 3 h Colorles. 3445 3305 32!»0 3125 3030 2955 Labor of 1910, shows that the yearly import of nuts is far greater than the export, and it will take years before there will be enough nuts grown in the United States for home use.
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ifHin 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 Export. 1156,490 , 218.743 . 304,241 . 299.558 . 330,366 . 309.195 . 416.886 . 382.165 . 373.024 . 488,853 . 381,063 Import. $2,978,834 3.268.855 4,044.341 4,866.398 5,471,166 6,158.843 7.373,425 9,742,883 9.643,943 8.664.253 13,246,667 Fig. -A wfU Kr;idt"d and well ktpt 'liit m.Ml. lu 11.1-11.11. water must be carried from one side of the road to the other, Jt should be carried under and not over the road. Road makers recognize this fact and are fast replacing the old-fashioned water breaks with pipe culverts. States. Texas, T,ouisiana. Mississippi, .\labania. North and .South Carolina. Georgia an<l I'lorid,! are torjced mit has to be feared. L. G. W. Fruit Notes. In the grape belt of New York the hop;)trs are on the rampage, some vineyards being badly infested. Spray- ing tobacco decoctions with high pres- sure aiiparalus that reaches the under side of the leaf is the cure, after the young nymphs appear in July. Grassy hea<llands and woodlots near the vine- yards harbor the insects through the winter if they are not destroyed. Michigan is figuring on 10,000 car- loads of grapes. EASTERN ERLTrr AND THE GREAT EAST THE FOURTEEN ESSENTIALS FOR FRUIT GROWING A Practical and Scientific Summary of the Requirements for Running a Fruit Factory." of your trees. re- ... J v.^^.,. No two pieces of land no longer struggling merely I arc alike. Wide differences often will Prodijce iliem-elves and grow seeds , , , ... ⢠t 1 1 1 .,.,,1 l^ut the expert Iruit grower learns to be tound within a hundred yards, and ^^.^^j ,^iâj^'^,f ,^f nature's processes these varying conditions call for food j,-, produce the largest number of elements in varying proportions, heavy-ileshed fruits with le^s regard When trees have dark leaves, bright to seeds. Select the locati..n for your , . , , , orchard with reterence to exposure, colored bark, and grow new wood j^. ^^^^^ ^^^^^^ .^ ^.^^^^^^ ^,^,^^ j^ ^j^^, p,^^,^. freely each year By ORLANDO H.\RRlSON. While every successful fruit grower Humus Needed in the Soil. bearing orchards, although it is upon other way. L<»w Hats or pockets o; is forced to adopt methods to fit his , 3. The kind of soil is of less im- ' âitrogen we build size of fruit. Ail I^^'kI â¢'"â ^" fro.st-lraps, holding the cold . f^- 1 v. r^,«t-f-in^« tVi'i.i flip ct-itp r.f its n'ltnral i i i .i -.^ t *k., "' that drains Iroiu al)ove. in our own particular conditions and each portance than tlie st.itt ot^n^ natural ^;^^, legumes gather nitrogen from the ; j.i,itivated orchard wood, leaves and grow new wood they the getting about enough nitrogen, and all you have to do is to keep the supply at the present rate. It is possible to pro- vide too much nitrogen, especially in bearing orch nitrogen we If you own to plant an urchard. The fact that you know the soil gives you a great ailvantage. 'Iherc sliouhl be good air-drainage. The sides of a hill, es- jiecially one facing the water, is usually better than one facing the kind of fruit needs certain special or artificial cultivation. The amount treatment, yet there are just fourteen of plant bacteria it contains through elements or conditions that in their sucessive crops of vegetation that proper degrees and proportions are have grown and rotted in it, and the necessary for making a success of all air, moisture and pulverization that fruit growing. If any of these ele- have c be Coniliiut'il next nmiith.) success the dued." The old rock nature must have been changed to loam nature. FARMING MADE EASY. If This Keeps on "Rural Joys" Will Really Mean Something. dead leaves, grass and organic mat- ter. This is when all processes work ; by many suckers and by pale, taste- together. We call it decayed vege- table matter or humus in the soil. .-\s a matter of fact that is incorrect, for these organic materials do not de- cay, but like the meat that disappears when the buzzards get busy, there is plums, cherries, quinces, grapes or small fruits. The fourteen require- ments of a "fruit factory" are the fol- lowing: 1. Suitable soil. 2. Water. 3. Decaying vegetable matter. 4. Lime. 5. Nitrogen. 6. Potash. 7. Phosphorus. 8 and 9. Light and warmth in the right proportions. 10. The right varieties. 11. Good trees. 12. The absence of enemies. 13. Good marketing. 14. Personally applied know-how on the part of the grower. Suitable Soil and Water. 1 and 2 of these conditions, the first to consider in all cases, is the soil and its condition as to getting and keep- ing plant food and moistureâthe question of too much or too little water. Thii is understood so gen- erally that nearly everyone avoids low or swampy lands, or underdrains them thoroughly before setting out trees. A fruit tree will not yield if water stands about its rootsâif it has merely a change of form. The con- wet feet. There must be good drain- ruining of these animal and vegetable age to lower the level of stagnant matters by the bacteria, however, pro- water in the ground. While land may less, unripe fruit. Potash and phos- phorus have to be supplied in mineral form. They are the elements that give color and rich flavor and high qual ity to the fruit, and harden the wood of trees, enabling them to stand zero 5 i 3 1 ,â > J â? J 3 0â y y \ ^(' A 3 \ y" A 3 \ s â^ 4 ^ > % \ Â¥â \ * ?/ \ 3 / \ / ^ ^ V / \ -H? V A V \ / Diagonal Planting Plan. No. i tries, permanent; No. 2 tries, years old; No. 3 trees, to be renxivcl when 18 or 20 years old. til tje rcnioved wtun m to IJ be dry enough in ordinary seasons, m a wet season the e.xtra amount of fruit due to underdraining often will ex- ceed in value the entire cost of install- ing the drainage. On hillsides the underdrains frequently will prevent washing. A wet soil packs. Drain- age improves its texture and has the effect of making it more fertile. The food elements in mellow soil e.in be used bv the trees, while if the soil is duces sf)me acids. Lime. 4. Organic matter is necessary, yet we nni>t get rid of the acids. Lime is the thing to do it with. The action I if lime i^ called sweetening. Tlie wi.rk linu t pure. Leaves and caked the rm't- cannot get the food i fruit have only a trace, but fruit will that is there. The soil must be fine ' Rrow and mature in a shorter time, and loose; fine, because the smaller and therefore ripen earlier, or rather the soil particles the more water will more completely and uniformly and cling to them; loose, deep down, be- , with better color when trees have cause the particles unite when they ' pUnty of lime. While its chief value are packed, squeezing the water out eoines indirectly and it is not usually and preventing it from circulating. elas>ed Lack of water during May, June and > be saii nature in the matter of the soil, but as regards light and air we have also left nature's plan far behind. The trees and vines no longer have to fight for space, light and food. In Six years ago a farmer put in a .>mall electric plant and the following record of what he nuule it do is vouched for by "Farm ami Fireside." In the first place every building, in- cluding the pig sty, is lighted by elec- tricity. A small motor drives a circular saw which cuts expeditiously what little firewood is used on the farm. The >ame mot(jr turns a lathe, drill and other machinery in a farm machine shop nearby. Another motor drives a vacuum pump, and the sweeping at the house is done in the most modern manner with vacuum cleaners. No dust. All the sting of drudgery is re- moved. A pipe from this same vacuum line is run to the cow stables, where two vacuum milking machines milk twenty- live cows each day. Another small motor runs the milk separator and churn .and in the sum- mer an ice cream freezer. Even the grindstone is turned by electric power, whicli relieves the small bt»y from one of hi> most di-liked tasks and gives him more time to attend the nectls of the fishes in the always nearby trout brook. Five electric heaters in the house keep the temperature at seventy-five degrees, if desired, when it is zero out- side. In the kitchen all the cooking for a family of hm. to ten i-^ done upon an electric range. .\ tiny m-ittjr runs the family wa-hing ni.irhine and wringer and dri\e~ tin -cuing ma- chine. Flectric fan- are installed through the hou-e and a veiitilatiiiLr fan in the attic. The water -y-tem f-^r hiui-c and b.irn is suppli' d ii-iin an i iccirii- motor pump. . lie^e farm eleetrie plant- can lie installed at a cost of $400 to $1.8^)0. the c<ist varying accori it a- "the yellows" The writer has alre.ul)- -i>i.i>»il hi'^ tree- twice with a one to fifty solution of Bordeaux Mixture, and will con- tinue to spr.ay ,1- lonu i- tin ii" i- any occasiiiti. Two ye.ir- lui he was obligetl to spray four time- fur this trouble, the season being \\ > t 1 l'^t M.ay was very dry, and otic spray- ing" wav suffiVicnt'. Tiie trees will sonu'tinu- die lr«im tlii- di-ease, or eNe lose their fruit. My trees are well set with fruit, .ind tlii- is worth taking care "t, i-i>ecially a< la^t year I received fmni seventy to ninety cent- per half peck for peaclie- in tlie Terminal Market. Philadelphia. Edwin H. Burkhart. New Britain, Pa.

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