Identifier: educationofdeafm00thom (find matches)
Title: Education of Deaf-Mutes : A Manual for Teachers
Year: 1888 (1880s)
Authors: Thomas Arnold
Subjects: Education
Publisher: Wertheimer, Lea & Co.
Contributing Library: American Printing House for the Blind, Inc., M. C. Migel Library
Digitizing Sponsor: American Printing House for the Blind, Inc.

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theaqueduct of the cochlea ; /. cochlea ; e, spiral tube of the cochlea (scalatvmpani) ; /, scala vestibuli ; k, ampulla, of the superior semicircularcanal. Fig. 22.—Vertical Section through the Cochlea. Cn, cochlearnerve ; m, modiolus or central column ; ?, lamina spiralis ; o, scalatympani; u, scala media ; e, scala vestibuli. Fig. 23.—View of the Muscles of the Soft Palate, etc., fromBehint). (The back of the pharynx has been divided from top to bottom,and the sides turned back so as to expose the interior. The lining mem-brane has been removed, showing the constrictor muscles of the pharynx.)h, part of the sphenoid bone ; /, the azygos uvulfe muscle, the lowerpart of which, /, is called the uvula ; e, e, palato-pharyngeus muscles ;tongue; p, epiglottis and opening into the larynx ; d, d, superior con-strictor of the pharynx; i, angles of the lower jaw-bone ; ff, g, mastoidprocesses ; l. b, tensor palati muscles ; a, a, levator palati muscles ; ?, I,internal pterygoid muscles.
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EDUCATION OF DEAF-MUTES. 277 shell, whence it derives its name of the cochlea. Thisspiral is composed of about two and a half turns. The spiralbony tube thus formed is divided into two canals by a thinpartition wall of bone—the osseous lamina spiralis —running horizontally across the cavity from the axis of thespiral to its outside wall, so that there are actually two spiral staircases, running one above the other all the way up ;the lower is called the scala tympani (Fig. 22, o), becauseat its lower origin it is in direct communication with thetympanic cavity or middle ear by the fenestra rotunda ;the upper staircase is called the scala vestibuli (Fig.22, e). The cochlea, from its structure and contents fulfils themost important functions in relation to sound of the inner ear.It possesses the well-known properties of shells in reverbe-rating and intensifying every sound that enters. A numberof the fibres of the auditory nerve run to it, spreading outlike a fan over the surface of

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